Effect Of Juvenile Hormone Analogue On 10-HDA Secretion In Mandibular Glands Of Honey Bee(Apis Mellifera Ligustica)workers

The mandibular glands in the queen secret queen pheromone,while in the worker they secret 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid(10-HDA),which is the main unsaturate fatty acid component in royal jelly.10-HDA is the most important antimicrobial component in the larval food,and had been proved to paticipate in caste differentiation development.Juvenile hormone(JH)is the most important hormone in insect,which play important roles in larval development,caste differentiation,adult social division of labor and behavior development,gland development as well.In order to ascertain whether JH? affect the development of the mandibular gland and its secretions,we studied the relationship between the JH? and 10-HDA,the effect of juvenile hormone analogue(JHA)on the content of 10-HDA and ultrastructure of mandibular gland.To explore the relationship between 10-HDA in the heads and JH?,both 10-HDA in the heads and JH? in the body of 0,5,10,15,20-day old workers were measured by HPLC respectively,the results showed that both the quantities of 10-HDA and JH? changed with the age,and there was significant positive correlation(y=3.401x-40.593,r=0.999,P<0.01)between them.This indicates that JH ? may influence the secretion of 10-HDA in mandibular gland.In order to clarify the solvent for JHA that has minimal influence on the 10-HDA synthesis in the mandibular gland.First,we should choose the solvent for JHA.Newly emerged workers of Apis mellifera L.were treated by different concentrations of DMSO,DMF,isopropyl alcohol,acetone and n-hexane respectively.After 5 ?L DMSO,DMF,acetone and isopropanol treatment,the mortality was significantly(P<0.01)higher than other treatments group and the control group.When 1?L isopropanol,acetone and hexane were applied on newly emerged workers,10-HDA content of 2,5,8-day-old workers was determined by HPLC.The results showed that 10-HDA of 5-day-old workers was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),that of 8-day-old workers treated by n-hexane was significantly(P<0.05)higher than that of the control group,the workers treated by isopropyl alcohol had no difference between control group.After 200 ?g 50 ?g,25 ?9 JHA and 1?L isopropanol treated newly emerged workers,the mortality of 200 ?g treatment group was significantly higher than other groups including the control groups,200 ?g and 50 ?g could significantly(P<0.01)promoted the secretion of 10-HDA at 3-day-old9 at 5 days old 200 ?g treatment group was lower(P<0.05)than the control group,10-HDA of bees treated by 25 ?g was significantly(P<0.01)lower than the control group.After 200?g,50 ?g,25 ?g JHA and 1?L isopropanol were treated to newly emerged workers,the ultrastructure of gland cells in bees treated by 200 ?g JHA showed up some myelinic bodies,chromatin condensation and marginalization at 3 days old.In cells of 200?g and 50?g treatment group microvilli and reservoir are richer than other treatment group and control groups.The number of myelinic body in 200 ?g treatment group at 5 days old increases,while the number of microvilli and reservoirs in 200 ?g and 25?g treatment group were less than control groups.There was high positive correlation between 10-HDA and JH?.Using exogenous JHA can influence the 10-HDA content and the number of microvilli and reservoirs,the effect is timeliness.