Cover Technology Of Early And High Yield On Bamboo Shoots Forest In The Dabie Mountain

Moso bamboo is one of the excellent bamboo species with high yield,short cycle and good benefit.Planting moso bamboo need to pay particular attention to the forest soil temperature in the northern edge of Anhui Province,and a good command of soil and water conservation measures should be ensured,for the sake of achieving the effect of high yield bamboo.We studied moso bamboo forests in Jinzhai County,Anhui Province,north of Dabie Mountains.In order to find out a proper cultivation technology of planting moso bamboo that results in a high yield with a low cost were measured by comparing the effects of straw mulching,wheat bran covering and different covering thickness on soil characterstics,yield of bamboo shoots and time of shooting period.The results were as follows:(1)Different cover treatments had an effect on soil porosity and bulk density,especially for soil in 0 ~ 10 cm layer.It showed that the effect will increase with the increase of the thickness of the cover and the bigger the porosity is,the smaller the bulk density is.When the thickness of the wheat bran was up to 40 cm,the porosity increased by8.5 % and the bulk density was reduced by 8.1 %.Compared with the straw mulching treatment,the wheat bran cover treatment had better effect on soil porosity.(2)The coverage within 30 cm did not have significant effect on soil pH value Compared with the control group,the pH value of 10 cm was increased to a certain extent under treatements of straw cover and wheat bran cover when covering the thickness of 40 cm,and the difference between the two treatments was significant.The effect of wheat bran covered with thickness of 40 cm on soil pH was strong,in addition,soil pH value increased by 9.6 %.(3)Different cover treatments could increase the nutrient content of soil at 0 ~ 20 cm layer,and the effect of straw content on the increase of soil potassium content was better when the straw cover thickness was 40 cm.The content of hydrolyzed nitrogen of soil at 0~ 10 cm layer as well as 10 ~ 20 cm layer increased by 45.5 % and 38.6 %,respectively.When wheat bran thickness was 40 cm,it had an effect on the increase of soil nitrogen.Furthermore,the content of hydrolyzed nitrogen of soil at 0 ~ 10 cm layer and 10 ~ 20 cm layer increased by 63.5 % and 51.1 %,respectively.There was no significant difference between the effect of two kinds of covering materials and covering thickness on soil available phosphorus.(4)Forest cover treatments could effectively improve the soil water retention capacity and temperature.According to the experimental results,when the coverage of 40 cm,the average soil temperature increased 8.9 degrees,and the rate of soil moisture decreased by only 4.6% after 6 rain days.(5)The total length of bamboo whip and the number of bamboo whip live buds increased with the increase of covering thickness,and the effect of covering treatment on the size of the whip was not significant.When the wheat bran cover thickness was 40 cm,its effect on number of increased buds was best.The total whip increased by 20.1 % and number of buds increased by 90 %.(6)Comparison of relative study indicated that: each treatment could make early production of bamboo shoots,and extend the production of bamboo shoots to improve the yield of bamboo shoots.The shooting period was the longest when the the straw cover thickness was 30 cm,nearly 61 d.Also it showed that the shooting periods for plots covered with 40 cm thickness of wheat bran were the earliest,32 days earlier than the control group;In the experiment,the greater the thickness of woodland cover,the more the yield high.Compared with the straw cover,the effect of wheat bran cover on the yield of bamboo shoots was more significant.When the cover thickness of wheat bran was 40 cm,the yield of bamboo shoots increased the most,and 1528.2 kg per mu reached and the profits increased by 174.8 %.