| Fusarium head blight(FHB)is a devastating disease of cereal crops worldwide.In addition to severe yield losses,FHB leads to mycotoxin contamination in infested grains,that poses a serious threat to human and animal health.Anhui is located in the North and South climatic transition zone where is the common area of FHB for the complicated farming system.In this study,strains of Fusarium graminearum collected from wheat heads different from pre-harvest crops in Anhui province were studied by the method of TEF-1? gene database-FUSARIUM-ID v 1.0 to identify species type and understand the population distribution and the reasons influenced population distribution;In order to understand the population differentiation and genetic variation of Fusarium graminearum in Anhui Province,the 68 tested strains were divided into 4 groups according to their geographical distribution and analyzed by AFLP;The influence of different illumination and soil moisture content on perithecium formation of Fusarium graminearum were stueied by using corn and rice straw as substrate.This study provided certain foundation for Wheat head scab resistance identification and the research of Fusarium graminearum's distribution in Anhui.At the same time to provide scientific basis for for controlling FHB.The main results were as follows: 1 Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Fusarium graminearum in Anhui Province by AFLPIn order to understand the population differentiation and genetic variation of Fusarium graminearum in Anhui Province,the 68 tested strains were divided into 4 groups according to their geographical distribution and analyzed by AFLP.The results showed that there were 245 bands were amplified by 8 pairs of primers,and the genetic distances among the tested strains were arranged in 0.014~0.021.There was no significant correlation between the genetic distance and the geographical distance of the 4 geographical populations in Anhui Province.The Shannon information index I was 0.321,and the gene diversity index H was 0.193,which indicated that a certain level of genetic diversity existed in F.graminearum population in Anhui.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that the most genetic variation existed within populations(99.80%)and a little genetic variation existed among populations(only 0.20%).A lower genetic differentiation(Gst=0.049)existed among the four geographic populations,and a frequent gene exchanges(Nm=9.648)existed among them.Compared to the genetic relationship between the southern population and the northern population of F.graminearum in Anhui Province,the genetic relationship between the northern population and the central population was more closer.2 Population Identification of Fusarium graminearum of Different Crop Area in Anhui ProvinceIn order to identificate species type and understand population distribution by using the method of TEF-1? gene database-FUSARIUM-ID v 1.0,this study was started in the incidence of Wheat head scab in mid May 2016,large sampl dispersion sampling from multi field about 13 spots in Guoyang,Mengcheng and Fengtai county started from Bozhou,along with the 307 and 203 highway collected strains of Fusarium graminearum.After separation and purification,390 strains were selected to extract DNA.The results show that: 2.1 F.asiaticum and F.graminearum are the main species from different pre-harvest in Anhui.In the 390 strains of selected,there were 252 F.asiaticum and 138 F.graminearum strains,the percentage of F.asiaticum achieved to 64.61% and the percentage of F.graminearum were 35.39%.The results showed that F.asiaticum strains are the dominant species in the northern region of Anhui.2.2 From North to South along with highway 307 and 203,the detection rate showed a decreasing trend of F.graminearum.The detection rate of F.graminearum strains were more higherthan 63.33 % in Madian,Xiyang and Yuefang town.There were no strain of F.graminearum sampling from rice crops in Liuji town.2.3 The detection rate of F.graminearum strains showed that crops of soybean are higher than corn,and the crops of corn are higher than rice in the same place of different crops.2.4 The climate of Mengcheng,Guoyang and Fengtai are similar.And the percentage of F.graminearum with two places of previous soybean is 71.67%,the percentage of F.graminearum with seven places of previous corn is 41.43% and the percentage of F.graminearum with previous rice is 5.83%.3 Study on straw,light intensity and soil moisture on Perithecium of Fusarium graminearumTo compare the production effects of perithecium,inoculate of Wheat head scab on corn and rice straw and set 6 groups of different light intensity.The results show that:The quantity of corn straw produced perithecia was significantly higher than that of rice straw in unit area which showed the average number of corn straw is 17.19 and rice straw is 6.68.With the increase of shading intensity,the number of perithecia show upward trend on the same straw.Along with the decrease of light intensity,the soil moisture content increased and the number of perithecia also increased. |
PDF Full Text Request