Evaluation For Disease-Resistance Of Middle-Season Indica Rice Varieties In Anhui Province

Rice is the main food crop of China, with annual planting area of 450 million acres,total yield of 407.2 billion catties and average yield of 448KG/mu, taking up the first place of world's total output and second place of world's rice area. In the 13th five year plan, rice development has clearly put forward stable rice area of 450 million acres with the goal of high yield and excellent quality. The stability and development of rice production is the primary task to guarantee grain harvest and security. The regional test of rice varieties is aimed at identifying the high yielding ability, stability and adaptability of the rice varieties.The paper is to select the rice varieties with good resistance to rice diseases and fitness to be promoted in local planting so as to identify the yielding ability and adaptability in different ecological conditions and provide the basis for preventing rice disease and lay the foundation of pesticide reduction and synergy application. The major research findings are as following:1. The yielding ability of rice varietiesThe test results showed that the yield change of II you 838(CK) was between 578.63-648 KG/MU. Among the 12 kinds of tested varieties, the three kinds of Quan you 822, N you 882 and Hui you 166 had high level of yield, with the volume increase of 7%versus II you 838(CK), taking up 25% in tested varieties; there were 8 varieties with high level of yield, with the increase between 5-7% versus II you 838(CK), taking up 66% in tested varieties; the other 2 kinds of tested varieties had medium or low level of yielding ability, respectively with increase of less than 4% versus II you 838(CK), taking up 17% in tested varieties. The yielding result tests of all varieties had reached significant level on the interaction effects of locations and varieties through variance analysis and F-value test,which showed that the tests had the significant combination of yielding increase and decrease, which was affected by the location; meanwhile, it also indicated that the yield of different combination had different results in different locations. The major economic property analysis indicated that the main reason of volume increase in tested varieties was due to the increase of grain number as well as the spike number.2. The quality analysis of rice varietiesAccording to the standards of NY/T593-2002 Cooking rice variety quality, with the detection of the agricultural rice testing center of IRRI, there were 3 kinds among 12 tested rice varieties conforming to the second grade edible rice standard, which were respectively Chuang liangyou 688, Shen liangyou 276 and Hui liangyou 166. There were 5 varieties conforming to the third grade edible rice standard and the high quality rice above third grade took up 67.7%. There were 4 varieties conforming to the sixth grade edible rice standard, which took up 67.7%. ? you 838(CK) was listed in the fourth grade or common edible rice standard.3. The resistance evaluation of rice varietiesAll the 12 tested varieties showed high resistance to rice stripe disease. There were four varieties resisting to rice blast; with 7 varieties of moderate resistance and 1 variety susceptible to the disease. There were 7 varieties moderately resisting to sheath blight disease, with 5 varieties susceptible to the sheath blight and no varieties resisting or above.There were 2 varieties with high resistance to false smut, 9 varieties with resistance, 1 variety with moderate resistance and no variety with susceptibility. There were 2 varieties with resistance to bacterial blight and 10 varieties with susceptibility.