| For the sake of comprehending effects of genotypes and environments to cartenoid contents and other quality traits in different wheat varieties and provide reference for the cultivation and production of high-quality wheat,fifteen wheat varieties were selected as material to analyzing the similarities and differences of kernel Carotenoid content and other fourteen quality traits,which are from four experimental sites in Anhui Province in 2 consecutive years,performed variance analysis,force analysis,multiple comparison,adaptability and stability analysis based on the determination results,researched effects of varieties,environments,years and their interactions to quality traits tested,analyzed the stability of quality traits and adaptability.Measured carotenoid content,colour and other six quality traits of the natural population of 128 wheat varieties,performed variance analysis,correlation analysis and classification comparison based on the determination results,to study the distribution of grain quality traits and the correlation of each character and the influence of different skins color on quality traits.Main results are as follows:1.The result of variance analysis for 15 wheat varieties planted in Anhui shows that,the most of the 16 quality traits(Carotenoid content,LOX activity,whiteness,L,a,b,protein content,wet gluten content,starch content,Peak Viscosity,Hold Trough,Break down,Final Viscosity,Setback,Peak Time,pasting temperature)were significant among varieties,evironments(locations),years and their interactions;Zhoumai22’carotenoid content,Xinong 979’LOX activity,Xinmai26’protein content,Yangmai13 ’ peak viscosity and Zhenmai168 ’ Setback were significantly higher than other varieties;Xinong979’carotenoid content,Fanmai5 hao and Zhoumai22’LOX activity were significantly lower than other varieties.In this study,carotenoid content in Shouxian is significantly higher than other three places;LOX activity in Hefei and Tianchang is significantly higher than other two places;protein content in Fuyang and Hefei is significantly higher than other two places;wet gluten content in Fuyang is significantly higher than other three places;starch content in Fuyang is significantly Shouxian;Peak Viscosity,Hold Trough and Final Viscosity in Hefei is significantly higher than Tianchang;differences of L,a,b,Break down,Setback and Peak Time are not obvious.Thus it can be seen,for the germplasm resources selection of several quality traits,the influence of environmental conditions should be attached great importance.2.Results of the force analysis shows,the force of genotype is greater than environment and their interaction to carotenoid content,LOX activity,whiteness,L,a,protein content,starch content,peak viscosity,break down;the force of environment is greater than genotype and their interaction to wet gluten content,hold trough,final viscosity;the force of year is greater than genotype,environment and their interaction to b,Setback and pasting temperature.The order of different factors’ forces as following,for carotenoid content:genotype>location>year>L×G>L×G×Y>G×Y>L×Y;for LOX activity:genotype>location>L×Y>year>L×G>L×G×Y>G×Y;for whiteness:genotype>L×G> L × G × Y > L × Y > G × Y > year > location;for protein content:genotype >location>L×G×Y>L×G>L×Y>G×Y>year;for wet gluten content:location>L×Y>genotype>L×G×Y>L×G>G×Y>year;for starch content:genotype>location>L×G×Y>L×G>L×Y>G×Y>year;for peak viscosity:genotype>year>location>L×G×Y>L×Y>L×G>G×Y;for pasting temperature:year>L×Y>location>L×G×Y>L×G>genotype>G×Y3.According to the Di based on the AMMI model,the stability of different quality traits was different.Stabilities of carotenoid content,red and peak time were relatively gond,stabilities of peak viscosity,hold trough,break down were poor;to the the trait of carotenoid content,Jimai22’s stability was best,Xinmai26’s was worst;to all traits tasted,Zhoumai22’s stability was best,Xinong979’s was worst.15 varieties were divided into 4 types based on carotenoid content and stability,varieties from the type with high carotenoid content and stability were:Fanmai5hao,Jimai22,Huaimai22.4.For the 128 wheat varieties tested,the differences between varieties are extremely significant for 8 grain quality traits tested such as carotenoid content.Carotenoids content’s average is 2.267mg·kg-1,range is 3.082mg·kg-1;protein content’s average is 13.3%,range is 6.7%;starch content’s average is 66.6%,range is 7.3%;wet gluten content’s average is 32.9%,range is 14.5%;whiteness’ s average is 72.6,range is19.8;L’s average is 75.3,range is 21.2;a’s average is 1.33,range is 2.64;b’s average is 11.72,range is 7.42.5.Correlation analysis showed that,Carotenoid content was very significant positive correlation with b(r=0.27),significant positive correlation with protein content(r=0.19),very significant negative correlation with starch content,whiteness,L(r=﹣0.28,﹣0.29,﹣0.26);protein content was very significant positive correlation with wet gluten content(r=0.77),very significant negative correlation with starch content,(r= ﹣ 0.68),significant negative correlation with whiteness,L(r=﹣0.18,﹣0.20);starch content was very significant positive correlation with whiteness,L(r=0.38,0.39),very significant negative correlation with wet gluten content(r=-0.30),significant negative correlation with a(r=-0.18);whiteness was very significant positive correlation with L(r=0.99),very significant negative correlation with a,b(r=-0.89,-0.59);a was very significant positive correlation with b(r=0.50).6.For different types wheat with different seed skin colors,distributions and variations are not the same.the order of 4 varieties of wheat with different seed skin colors,for carotenoid content,black wheat’s was highest... |
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