Field Trial Evaluation Of Comsposture And Biofertilizer Multifunction Sclerotium Rolfsii Bioherbicide

1.Field trials evaluation of composture and biofertilizer multifunction Sclerotium rolfsii bioherbicideSclerotium rolfsii SC64 has the potentiality to be used as bioheibicide,the field trials of the new bioherbicide granules used by its hypae has not been evaluated systematically.This article meant to evaluate the effect of granules on the control effect of six kinds of broad leaf weed in direct-seeded rice field.Both the effect of fertilizer and decomposement of wheat straw are evaluated at the same time.There are nine treatments set in the experiment:ck,organic nitrogen fertilizer 12 kg/mu(I-1),organic phosphate fertilizer 12 kg/mu(I-2),organic potassium fertilizer12 kg/mu(I-3),organic nitrogen fertilizer 4 kg/mu + organic phosphate fertilizer 6 kg/mu + organic potassium fertilizer 2 kg/mu(I-4),organic nitrogen fertilizer 4.8 kg/mu + organic phosphate fertilizer 4.8 kg/mu + organic potassium fertilizer 2.4 kg/mu(I-5),organic nitrogen fertilizer 8 kg/mu + organic phosphate fertilizer 4 kg/mu + organic potassium fertilizer 12 kg/mu(I-6),,organic nitrogen fertilizer 9.6 kg/mu + organic potassium fertilizer 9.6 kg/mu + organic phosphate 4.8 kg/mu(I-7),,and chemical herbicides(ricer).1.1 The control effect of broad leaf weedsThe six kinds of broad leaf weeds are:Ludwigia prostrata Roxb.,Eclipta prostrata(L.)L.,Ammannia baccifera L.,Monochoria vaginalis,Mazus japonicus(Thunb.)O.Kuntze,Lindernia procumbens(Krock.)Philcox.We test and evaluate plant mortality(%)at 14DAI and 28DAI and fresh weight reduction(%)at 28DAI respectively.The results show that with the dosage increase,weed control efficiency of solid granules increased apparently.In the field trial,the plant mortality(%)at 14DAI on Monochoria vaginalis,Mazus japonicus(Thunb.)O.Kuntze,Lindernia procumbens(Krock.)Philcox.could reach 60.9?69.1%.The plant mortality and fresh weight control on Monohoria vaginalis,Mazus japonicus(Thunb.)O.Kuntze,Lindernia procumbens(Krock.)Philcox.were 56?82.8%and 56.8-83%respectively.Based on these above studies,solid granules may be great potential bioherbicide to control broadleaf weeds effectively.1.2 The efficacy on rice growthWe also test the efficacy on rice growth.Compared with blank control,application of granule can motivate the growth of rice height,broaden the area of flag leaf,increase the rice's tiller and spike length,also the yield increases.Using biological fertilizer can plant height increase by an average of 6.89%,tiller increased 36.5%,area of flag leaf increased 26.06%on average,1000-seed weight increased by 11.9%on averege,the average yield increased by 31.6%.Biological organic fertilizer promoted the rice tiller,increased the area of flag leaf,promote the growth of rice spike length,increased the rice production.1.3 The decomposing effect of wheat straw in the rice fieldsThe decay rate of wheat straw in the field was fast from the 30 to 60 days when the treatment I-7 of which the decay rate is 23.75%and 35%respectively.Compared with blank control,treatment ?-1 to ?-5 the decomposing rate of wheat sraw is 17.5%and 33.75%in 30 and 60 days respectively.In conclusion,applying inoculants can significantly promote the straw decomposing speed.After 90 days,the decomposing speed is becoming slower,the decomposing rate in 90 day increased by 3.62%compared with 60 days.Finally,the decomposing rate in the 24 kg/mu treatment is the higheast at 59.2%,the minimum is the blank control is only 38.04%under the same condition.To detect the soil near the buried wheat straw,the content of organic C,available phosphorus and effective potassium in the treatments are higher than the blank control.2?The biological control of Solidago Canadensis and the effects of biodiversity of the wildOn the basis of previous research in our lab,we adopted two districts:in May 2015 in liuhe district of Nanjing and in July 2015 in minhang district of Shanghai.The experiment set three treatments:application of Junkekuo combined with ploughing and not ploughing with chemical herbicide glyphosate and blank control.15days after applying,both the biological control and chemical control efficiency were above 78%,after 30 days,the biological control is 85.71%,while the chemical control is 82.14%.Obviously,the biological control has better control effect compared with chemical control.90 days and 180 days later,the regeneration of biological control is 4.12/m2 and 4.77/m2,while the chemical control is 20.5/m2 and 24.91/m.Suggesting that chemical control can only be effective in preventing solidago Canadensis on the ground,and the biological control can not only effectively control the aerial parts of solidago Canadensis,prevents the seed production,but also infect the root,effectively reduced the stem regeneration.Therfore,the combination of ploughing and biological control is a completely effective way to control solidago Canadensis.In 4,May 2016,we investigate the diversity of weeds in the plots.The relationship between the number of weeds and control measures are analysised.Results showed that the biological control increase the weed species,reduce the weed community evenness index and species diversity index increase compared to the blank control.In the view of species number,the species number of biological control is more than the blank control and chemical herbicide treatment.