Genetic Effect Analysis Of Aegilops Tauschii D Chromosome Segments Under The Background Of Common Wheat

To improve the quality of wheat yield,improved wheat,enhance wheat and disease and insect pest resistance,is the eternal theme in wheat breeding.Genetic research and breeding practice showed that wheat breeding in our country has entered the bottleneck period,especially in wheat breeding,production levels stagnated for a long time,it is difficult to a breakthrough in wheat breeding.The fundamental reason is that our country each big wheat area depends only on the limited number of backbone parent for breeding using,resulting in a large number of new varieties of breeding from inbreeding,genetic uniformity is higher,the loss of genetic diversity.Therefore,related wild species of wheat is one of the important genetic source broaden common wheat genetic background.This study was using BC3F8 of backcross introgression lines materials,recombinant inbred lines which containing AS60(Aegilops tauschii,DD,2n=14)D genetic background use for the donor parent,Chuanmai 32(SW8188)as the recurrent parent,By further selfing combined with laboratory marker-assisted selection,based on the laboratory premolecular genetics linkage maps,development a series of contain single segment of D choromsome introgression lines.In further to the new new materia D chromosome introgression lines of Aegilops tauschii for agronomic traits,yield related traits and stripe rust resistant phenotype identification,evaluate its breeding value,and combining the traits-marked correlation analysis,molecular genetic effect of chromosome segment was analyzed,obtain the following results:1.Using Chuanmai32 as genetic background,Created 51 individual plants which contain single segment of D choromsome's introgression lines materialBased on the acquired 318 BC3F8 introgression lines,by selfing generations toBC3F9,the use of specific SSR molecular markers for assisted selection,created 51 individual plantswhich contain single segment of D choromsome'sintrogression linesnew material.Combining with 26 which acquired previous experimentinto materials,the molecular properties of these material system is analyzed,The results showed that:16 segment substitution lines onchoromsome 1D,the longest chromosome segmentXcfa2147a-Xgpw7258b(genetic length 39.75cM),the shortest chromosome segmentXgpw4503b-Xcfd65a(genetic length 0.52 cM)on chromosome 2D involved 28 chromosome segments import,import the longest chromosome SegmentXgpw4474c-Xgpw4473(genetic length 26.80cM),import the shortest chromosome segmentXwmc144-Xbarc145(genetic length 1.65cM);Sixchromosome segments into involved on chromosome3D,import the longest fragment Xgwm383-Xgpw307(genetic length 47.65 cM),import the shortest fragment Xgdm8-Xwmc529(genetic length 7.55cM);chromosome4D import 10 chromosome segments,import the longest fragment Xgwm265-Xgpw4474b(genetic length 17.00cM),import the shortest fragment Xwmc720-Xwmc473(11.20cM);on 5D chromosome has 12 chromosome segments import,import the longest fragment Xgdm63-Xwmc765(genetic length 52.00 cM),import the shortest fragment Xgdm68-Xwmc799(genetic length 14.30 cM);On chromosome 6D has chromosome segments import,import the longest fragment Xgdm36a-Xbarc23(genetic length 52.00cM),import the shortest fragment Xgwm469-Xgpw4465b(genetic length 13.50cM);on chromosome 7D has 9 chromosome segments import,import the longest fragment Xgwm473-Xwmc634(genetic length 28.75chM),import the shortest fragment Xwmc698-Xgpw5208(genetic length 10.90cM).2.Successively through the analysis of phenotypic characterization of wheat D chromosome segments of import has obvious genetic effect on wheat agronomic charactersBased on one year two randomized block design of experiment,in 2015-2016,Single segment substitution lines have been planted respectively in the experimental base for agricultural modernization salween(Chongzhou)and sichuan agricultural university farm(Wenjiang).Identificatin systematic phenotype(plant height,Spike length,peduncle length,effective tillers,unproductive tillers,flag leaf area,spikelet number,grain numbers per spike,thousand grain weight,and grain length,grain width)of Aegilops tauschii chromosome D introgression in two environment.Compared with recurrent parent Chuanmai32 found that Aegilops tauschii D chromosome segments of import of wheat agronomic traits stable genetic effect is significant.Chromosome segments Xwmc 144-Xbarc145-2D,Xbarc159b-Xgpw4474c-2D,and Xgpw361-Xgpw4450-2D,Xbarc159b-Xgpw4473c-2D onchromosome 2D.Xgwm265-Xgpw4474b-4D and Xwmc720-Xwmc473-4DonChromosome4D,Xgdm36a-Xcfd13-6D and Xgpw4465a-Xgpw7292-6D on Chromosome6D,a total of 8 sections have a positive genetic effect on the peduncle length.Two chromosome segments Xgpw315-Xwmc93a-1D and Xgpw4503b-Xcfd65a-1D on chromosome ID have a positive genetic effect on the trait of flag leaf area;Xgpw4450-Xgpw361-2D and Xwmc720-Xwmc473-4D respectively on chromosome 2D and 4D,has positive genetic effect on the plant height;Three chromosome segments Xgwm265-Xgpw4474b-4D,Xwmc463-Xgwm295-7D,as well as Xwmc463-Xgwm295-7D has positive genetic effect on the spikelet number;A chromosome segmentXwmc817a-Xgpw332a-2D has positive genetic effect on the thousand grain weight.3.By analyzing into rust resistance of adult-plant stage rust resistance,D chromosome segments import to improve the resistance of wheat has obvious genetic effectStripe rust adult-plant stage resistance identification results show that all introgression lines in two environments for rust resistance reaction are basically identical.Among them,a total of 36 introgression lines for adult-plant stage resistance to stripe rust performance(35 introgression lines for nearly immune to stripe rust performance,a high introgression lines performance)in the Wenjiang sites,In Chongzhou sites,a total of 20 chromosome segments import into plant resistance to stripe rust performance,higher than recurrent parent Chuanmai32 stripe rust resistance into higher resistant strains.Combine with import segments analysis found,three segments(Xcfd63-Xwmc147?Xgpw315-Xwmc93a and Xgpw4503B-Xcfd65a)on chromosome 1D,Three segmnts(Xgpw361-Xgpw4450,Xgpw4474c-Xbarc159B,and Xgwm484-Xgwm304)on chromosome 2D,twosegments(Xgpw5188-Xgpw307 and Xgwm383-Xgpw307),one segment(Xcfd5 0-Xwmc658)on chromosome 4D,twosegments(Xgdm68-Xwmc799 and Xgdm63-Xwmc765)on chromosome 5D,one on chromosome 6D(Xgdm36a-Xbarc23),and one on chromosome 7D(Xgpw528-Xgpw1142),these segements import adult-plant stageresistance to stripe rust as(0;reaction type,maximum severity of 5%or less),Speculated that Dchromosome segments of Aegilops tauschiiintrogression lines may controlof wheat stripe rust resistance gene or QTL section.4.The Dchromosome segments of Aegilops tauschii as the new material has obvious genetic relation between the phenotypic effectsSimple correlation analysis results show that the correlation coefficient between 11 appraisal target character reached significant level,the result Showed that The Dchromosome segments of Aegilops tauschii as the new material has obvious geneticrelation between the phenotypic effects.Ear length and thousand grain weight in two environments were very significant negative correlation;Plant height and peduncle length in 2 levels reached extremely significant positive correlation in the environment;Grain numbers per spike and thousand grain weight in two environment reached a significant positive correlation.5.Based on Dchromosome segments of Aegilops tauschiiintrogression lines,using SSR molecular marker technology,detected25 with a higher contribution rate of import clips overlap control phenotypic traits QTL sectionBased on SSR molecular markers,using JoinMap version5.0 software genetic linkage map construction,to further explore the import control traits QTL segment fragment.Using MapQTL6.0 software to test the D chromosome introgression lines of Aegilops tauschii,detected 25 QTLs which overlappingintrogressed segments.Among them,one QTL related to flag leaf on chromosome 1D QFla.sicau-1D,additive effect is negative;the contribution rate is 58%.Seven QTLs related to grain width on 2D,3D,4D,chromosome 6D and 7D the largest contribution rate(95.1%)is QGw sicau-6D.Three related to grain length on 2D,5D,7D chromosome,the largest contribution is QGl.sicau-5D(95.9%)located on chromosome 5D;Detected a QTL(QSl.sicau-3D)related to spike length and its contribution rate is 87.8%.At the same time,with the early stage of the project results analysis and comparison,this study obtained control peduncle length QTL section Qpl.Sicau-3D and control plant height of QTL section QPh.Sicau-4D and using backcross introgression lines of research groups positioning results.This study on the project team developed Dchromosome segments of Aegilops tauschii introgression lines' phenotype identification of chromosome fragment import department.parsing the import department of agronomic traits,yield related traits and stripe rust into plant resistance characteristics,For further breeding and using D chromosome of Aegilops tauschii's segment import provides a materialbasis.At present,this introgression lines has been breeding units in sichuan,including neijiang academy and the Chinese academy of sciences academy,mianyang,chengdu creatures such as widely used.This project use this introgression lines as a new strain of breeding parent for breeding,has demonstrated its good breeding utilization potential.In addition,this study obtained a series of high contribution rate control phenotypic traits QTL section,most importantly,these segments of QTL genetic segments and import the overlapping section height.These QTL extents of phenotypic genetic contribution rate of more than 50%,further confirm the import department to create is a complex character is decomposed into a single Mendelian factors important technical means.Therefore,this research gets D chromosome fragment import department for QTL cloning and functional analysis has important use value.