| It is one of the essential conditions for the stable development of grain safety to explore the law of stable and high yield of maize.It is discussed that the rule of maize nutrition to high yield is one of the important ways to study maize yield.Based on the recent development of soil testing and formulated fertilization,we studied the genotypic difference between maize yield and nutrient use and the accumulation and utilization of Maize on the important soil types.In this study,experimental materials for the following 4 varieties ZD958,XY335(planted)and ZD538,YD606(good popularization prospect),time is 2015 and 2016,were discussed through field test and laboratory test of nutrient solution two kinds of methods.The main results are as follows:1.genotypic difference in Maize Yield in black soil region.In the sandy black soil area,the yield between the varieties was high to low under the treatment of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The yield was XY335 > YD606 > ZD538 > ZD958,but there was no significant difference among them.Under the condition of N,P and K treatment,the yield among the varieties was XY335 > ZD958 > YD606 > ZD538,but there was no significant difference among varieties.This shows that under the same fertilizer treatment,there is a certain difference in maize yield because of different genotypes,but there is no significant difference.The rate of increasing fertilizer yield among the varieties was YD606 > XY335 > ZD538 > ZD958.The rate of increasing yield of N was ZD538 > YD606 > Yu 335 > ZD958.The rate of increasing yield of P was ZD538 > YD 606 > ZD958 > XY335,ZD538 and XY335 were significant differences.The yield increase rate of K was XY335 > ZD958 > ZD538 > YD 606,and the difference between XY335 and YD606 was significant.This shows that the yield increase rate of maize is different,and the difference between the highest yield and the lowest varieties is significant.2.genotypic differences in nutrient accumulation and utilization efficiency of Maize in the sandy black soil.In the sandy black soil area,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in maize is different because of the variety.When nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were applied,the amount of N,P and K accumulation in maize plants was the most.When N,P and K were applied to any kind of fertilizer,the accumulation of N,P and K in maize plants would be reduced.However,the accumulation of N,P and K in different maize varieties was different because of different genotypes.Compared with NPK fertilizers,only the phosphorus potassium,nitrogen accumulation are different,from high to low order YD606 > XY335 > ZD958 > ZD538;compared with NPK fertilizers,only nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus accumulation are different,from high to low order ZD538 > ZD958 > YD606 > XY335;compared with NPK fertilizers,only nitrogen fertilizer,potassium accumulation are different,from high to low order XY335 > YD606 > ZD538 > ZD958.In the sandy black soil area,the efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the agronomy is phosphorous fertilizer > potassium fertilizer > nitrogen fertilizer.The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the 4 varieties of maize was different because of the different genotypes.The agronomic efficiency of the 4 varieties ranged from high to low,and they were ranked as ZD958 > ZD538 > YD606 > XY335.The efficiency of the 4 varieties of phosphorus fertilizer from high to low was XY335 > YD606 > ZD958 > ZD538,and XY335 and YD606 were better than other varieties.The efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer among the 4 varieties from high to low ranked as YD606 > XY335 > ZD538 > ZD958.3.genotypes of maize nutrient accumulation and utilization efficiency under the stress of N,P and K.In the nutrient solution test,through the treatment of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium stress on maize,it can be seen that the accumulation of Maize under the stress of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium is different because of the variety.Compared with the NPK treatment,the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation of maize seedlings decreased with the treatment of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium stress,and the decrease was different from the varieties.Under nitrogen stress treatment,the amount of nitrogen accumulation in XY335 was the largest,and ZD958 was the smallest.Under the treatment of phosphorus stress,the accumulation of ZD958 phosphorus was the largest and the XY335 was the smallest.In the treatment of potassium stress,the accumulation of potassium 606 potassium was the largest and the smallest of ZD958.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium utilization efficiency of Maize under the stress of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was different because of the variety.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium stress significantly increased the utilization efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in maize seedling stage.Nitrogen stress increased the relative utilization efficiency of N 2.91 times,phosphorus stress increased the relative utilization efficiency of phosphorus 4.32 times,and potassium stress increased the relative utilization efficiency of potassium by 6.16 times.Under nitrogen stress treatment,the nitrogen relative utilization efficiency of 4 maize varieties showed ZD538 > ZD958 > YD606 > XY335,and there was significant difference among the varieties.Under the treatment of phosphorus stress,the relative utilization efficiency of phosphorus was XY335 > YD606 > ZD538 > ZD958.Under potassium stress,the relative utilization efficiency of 4 maize varieties increased,which showed that YD606 > ZD958 > ZD538 > XY335,YD606 had higher relative utilization efficiency of potassium than other varieties.Finally,suggestions on the production of ZD958,should be the main supplement of potassium fertilizer,and the amount of added nitrogen and phosphorus;XY335 should be appropriate to add fertilizer,and the amount of added nitrogen and phosphorus;YD606 should be appropriate to add fertilizer,and the amount of added phosphorus and potassium fertilizer;ZD538 should be added and the amount of added nitrogen fertilizer K. |
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