Research On Effects Of Formulated Fertilization On Soil Physicochemical Properties,Photosynthetic Characteristics And Fruit Quality Of 'Dawuxing' Loquat

Longquanyi District,Chengdu City,Sichuan province is an important place for the growth of loquat,loquat is an important economic source of local farmers.However,due to long-term fertilization,soil fertility in Loquat Orchard declined seriously,resulting in local loquat diminished vigor,branches decline,fruit coloring problem is poor,poor taste,seriously affect its commercial value,reduce the production enthusiasm of local farmers.Therefore,for formula fertilization,Fertilization Formula for science,so that the soil fertility in Loquat Orchard local recovery,improve the loquat commodity value,increase income for local farmers,has important practical significance and theoretical significance.This study takes Longquanyi District of Chengdu city in Sichuan Province,6 year old'Dawuxing' Loquat as test material,determination by analyzing the value of the soil test Park,to confirm target yield method of fertilization,fertilization program produced by orthogonal design and study of Fertilization on Dawuxing Loquat leaf soil physicochemical properties and effects of light the photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality.The results are as follows:1.Rational fertilization can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil,reduce soil bulk density,regulate soil pH,increase soil porosity and improve soil organic matter content.Treatment 9,the post harvest fertilizer in dry chicken manure 20kg,0.5kg urea,monoammonium phosphate 0.5kg,potassium sulfate 0.25kg,chitin 0.3KG;before fertilizer chitin 0.3KG,potassium sulfate 0.25kg,borax 0.15kg,calcium superphosphate 1.5kg,urea 0.25kg;spring fertilizer urea applied in 0.375kg 0.375kg,ammonium phosphate,potassium sulfate and 0.25kg;fruit fertilizer 0.75kg ammonium phosphate,potassium sulfate 0.5kg comprehensive effect on soil physical properties improved best,the whole growth period,the 0-40cm of soil organic matter increased from 23.12g/kg to 25.49kg,soil pH value decreased from 7.60 to 7.56,soil porosity increased from 53.18%to 55,10%,the soil bulk density increased from 1.51g/com3 to 1.57g/cm3.and the conventional fertilization soil physical indicators continue to deteriorate.2.Formula fertilization can balance the total nitrogen and phosphorus of each rider.The content of potassium in the soil,such as soil available Cu,available Zn,available Mn,available Fe and so on.According to the tested soil,fertilization can effectively regulate the contents of soil total nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium content,the growth cycle of 0?40cm soil total nitrogen content decreased from 1.22g.kg?1.72g/kg to 1.03g/kg?1.66g/kg,the content of available phosphorus increased from 34.43mg/kg?49.79mg/kg to 39.42mg/kg-55.12mg/kg,the content of available potassium was adjusted from 268.53mg/kg-474.27mg/kg to 382.59mg/kg?464.21mg/kg.However,the total content of 0?40cm in the soil under conventional fertilization was reduced from 1.21g/kg to 1.18g/kg,the available phosphorus increased from 43.44mg/kg to 43.93mg/kg,and the available potassium 368.3 1mg/kg decreased to 267.32mg/kg,which resulted in the soil nutrient imbalance.Formula fertilization can maintain the content of trace elements in the soil,the best treatment of 9 0?40cm of soil available copper,effective zinc,available manganese,effective iron were higher than conventional fertilization,respectively,59.14%,82.99%,107.99%.3.Application of formula fertilization to improve soil microbial community.Treatment 4 Soil Actinomycetes content increased 0.03(105CFU/g),the content of 0.72(103CFU/g),6 soil actinomycetes was the highest content of 1.02(103CFU/g),and normal control group of soil actinomycetes was decreased by 0.85(103CFU/g),only 0.62(103CFU/g);after harvest,the maximum soil bacteria content of treatment 12 treatment increase,an increase of 3.39(106CFU/g),content of 10 soil bacteria increased the amplitude of the smallest,an increase of 0.32(106CFU/g),the highest content of treatment 4 soil bacteria was 6.74(106CFU/g),while the soil bacteria content in the conventional control group increased significantly more than all treatment groups of bacteria in soil variation,an increase of 4.07(106CFU/g),the content of 5.58(106CFU/g);treatment of soil fungi content of treatment 9 decreased,decreased by 6.73(103CFU/g),picking treatment9 postprocessing of soil fungi was 0.35(103CFU/g),and the content of soil fungi in control group decreased by 2.07(103CFU/g),was only 0.56(103CFU/g).4.Formula fertilization could regulate photosynthetic characteristics of loquat leaves.Effect of 9 treatment of loquat leaf photosynthesis is the most obvious,second years ago before fertilization period,net photosynthetic rate increased by 5.9?mol CO2 m-2 s-1,higher than the control group 0.48?mol CO2 m-2 s-1;stomatal conductance had no change,0.13 mol H2O m-2 s-1,Olower than the control group 0.02 mol H2O m-2 s-1;intercellular CO2 concentration decreased by 34.43?mol CO2 mol-11 lower than the control group 41.5541.55?mol CO2 mol-11;transpiration rate decreased 0.23 mmol H2O m-2 s-1,lower than the control group 0.18 mmol H2O m-2 s-1;instantaneous water use rate of 1.10 mmol.mol-1,higher than the control group 0.94 0.94 mmol.mol-1.5.Formula fertilization could improve the quality of fruit.This time,in fertilization treatment 8 loquat fruit size,larger than the control of 5.10mm and 7.91mm,weight heavier than controls 7.52g,the edible rate of 74.16%,higher than the control 0.47%;processing the fruit soluble solids content was the highest in 9,10.01%,compared with the control group the fruit soluble solid 0.87%high solids;total sugar content in fruit of the highest 3,7.61%,0.50%higher than the control group;the titratable acid content was 9,which was lower than that of the control group,and the content of titratable acid was lowerthan that of the control group,and the highest content of Vc was treatment 8,which was 11.67mg/100g,which was higher than that of the control group by(3.08mg/100g),which was higher than that of the control group.To sum up,the treatment of 9 and the internal quality of the treatment of the treatment 8 indicators in the treatment of the best formula.