| In this paper,the pomegranate variety ’Tunisia soft-seeded’ and its red bud metamorphosis pomegranate,mainly planted in xingyang,henan province,were used as experimental materials and studied in four parts:1,To ’Tunisia soft-seeded’ pomegranate and its bud into materials,research in the process of growth and development of both vertical and horizontal diameter,anthocyanins,total soluble solids(SSC),titratable acid(TA),respiration rate,ethylene release rate,such as the change of the physical and chemical indicators,trying to find the difference exists in the maturity and color of the root cause;2,’Tunisia soft-seeded’ pomegranate as materials,the research field of temperature and humidity during its development,the fruit out until after the harvest and storage during its anthocyanins,SSC,TA,relative electric conductivity and pectin enzyme(PE),the change of galacturonic acid enzymes such as polymer(PG)and phenylalanine ammonia enzyme(PAL)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO),judgment affect their growth,mature and aging related factors;3,The control of ethylene vinyl or control effect which approach is more effective to curb pomegranate mature aging: a,treated with ethylene receptor inhibitor(1-MCP)’Tunisia soft-seeded’ fruit and fruit bud mutation;B.Use ethylene generator(ethylenes)to treat ’Tunisian softwood’ pomegranates harvested during commercial harvesting;C.The fruits at different harvesting stages were treated with nitrogen(hypoxic environment inhibited ethylene production).The anthocyanins,SSC,TA,respiratory rate,ethylene release and other indicators of different treatment fruits were measured regularly,and reasonable analysis and judgment were made based on sensory evaluation.4,’Tunisia soft-seeded’ pomegranate as the research object,research different harvest time(September 28,2017,pomegranate turn color phase and harvested on October 6,commercial harvest time)harvested fruit storage resistance,provide a reference for commercial storage of harvest maturity.The test results are as follows:(1)study on the growth and development characteristics of the pomegranate fruit and its bud transformation characteristics of the ’Tunisian soft seed’’Tunisia soft-seeded’ and bud mutation of fruit growth and development process,the longitudinal and transverse diameter is double the growth of the’ S ’rule,July 3 solstice solstice on September 2 on July 24,on September 23,for growth peak;During the whole growth process,the fruit shape index decreased from 0.96 to 0.89,and the bud change from 0.92 to 0.89.The respiratory drift curve of the fruit showed the characteristics of jump type fruit.Anthocyanins is on the rise,bud mutation anthocyanins content in the initial value is’ Tunisia soft son 14 times,30 d ’Tunisia soft son before harvesting anthocyanins increased significantly with the bud mutation anthocyanins content in flat,bud mutation fruit coloring earlier than’ son Tunisia soft pomegranate 50 d.(2)study on the quality formation and fissile regularity of ’Tunisian fructus’ pomegranate fruit’Tunisia soft-seeded’ pomegranate change in soluble solids during growing by double’ S ’rise,rapid growth for the first time session on August 13,July 13 solstice,rise up to 51.1% within 30 d;TA decreased during fruit growth and development in a "fast-slow-fast" rule(13% in the early stage of development,no change in the middle stage and 32% in the later stage).TA fluctuated greatly during storage.When the solid acid ratio of fruits reached about 30,the flavor of ’Tunisia soft-seeded’ pomegranate was formed,which can be used as one of the important indicators to judge the maturity.Anthocyanins content in the growth and development showed a trend of fast and slow,in the first 13 d rapidly increased by 56%,mature significantly increased in the process of aging and storage at the end of the anthocyanins content is 5.8 times that of harvest,’Tunisia soft fruit anthocyanins increased during the growth and development are mainly concentrated in late growth and development,obviously lag behind the accumulation of SSC;During the period of pomegranate fruit mature,PE enzymes associated with quality of a material change in the former mining 40 d has started to rise,PG were about 20 d lagging significantly increased,the synergy of the two leads to the change of the grain texture and until maturity,after harvested grain PG enzyme activity increased,leading to the acceleration of the quality of a material deterioration;Fruit development of mesocarp PAL before 15 d obviously rise during storage,the grain of the PAL activity in storage within the first 15 d declined obviously,after is in stable condition,combined with the determination of grain color changes,it is concluded that the grain color 15 d have stabilised before harvest,visible PAL is the key enzyme of pomegranate anthocyanins synthesis;PPO first decreases and then rises in the process of fruit growth and development.PPO activity in the peel is greater than that in the kernel.Early July-early August high temperature can make its SSC and vertical and horizontal diameter growth is accelerated,the mid to late September rainfall is plentiful quality growth,’son Tunisia soft pomegranate fruit development from the beginning to turn the color phase when its effective accumulated temperature of 1305 ℃,to commercial harvest its effective accumulated temperature of 1425 ℃.(3)nitrogen filling packaging place,1-mcp treatment,ethylene treatment and its effect on fruitNitrogen treatment with 1-MCP treatment has certain delay pomegranate mature aging,nitrogen inflator can keep within a certain amount of time(45 days)the appearance of the fruit,flavor quality,and can keep the fruit content of soluble solids and titratable acid content,maintain p H stability,this is the same as 1-MCP treatment effect,the difference is nitrogen-filled packaging processing can reduce the increase of the content of anthocyanins 1-MCP treatment had no obvious effect on anthocyanins,look from the sensory evaluation 1-MCP treatment than nitrogen inflator can inhibit the generation of bad flavor more,Inhibit ethylene role in inhibiting fruit flavour is superior to inhibit ethylene production,how to realize the combination of both to make its grain color and flavor of burden optimization is the need to further study the subject.(4)the effect of different harvest periods on the pomegranate of ’Tunisia soft-seeded’The harvested fruit on September 28(fruit color changing period)can maintain its own quality for 65 d,and October 6(commercial harvesting period)can maintain its quality for 35 d.On September 28,in the process of storage(fruit turn color)fruit harvested each index change than October 6(commercial harvest time)fruit harvested more stable and better taste,higher resistance to storage is suitable for long-term storage. |
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