Research Of Community Structure And Soil Properties Of Mixed Forests Of Pine-Oak On The Southern And Northern Slope Of Funiu Mountain

The mixed forest of pine-oak is the typical vegetation community in the Funiu Mountain in western Henan,which was selected as the research object of this paper.Through sample survey and indoor analysis,this article has conducted a comprehensive study on its species composition,species diversity,species competition,and soil physical and chemical properties.Based on multiple indices such as species diversity index,competition index,and coefficient of variation,multiple regression and correlation analysis methods were used to explore differences in community structure and soil nutrients between mixed forests of pine-oak on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain.The causes of these differences have also been explored.The results of the study are conducive to a better understanding of the vegetation status of the Funiu Mountain and provide a theoretical reference for the management of forests in this area.In the Baotianman National Nature Reserve on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain and Baiyun Mountain on the northern slope,a mixed forest of pine-oak with an area of 100 × 100 m was selected as the survey area.Comparing the species diversity,competition relationship,and soil physical and chemical properties of the two plots,the following related research findings were found.(1)In terms of species composition,there are 40 species of plants in the mixed forest of pine-oak on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain,belonging to 32 genera of 21 families.There are 43 species of plants in the mixed forest of pine-oak on the northern slope,belonging to 29 genera in 20 families.The proportion of broad-leaved trees on the northern slope plot is higher than that on the southern slope,and the coniferous tree ratio is lower than that on the southern slope.In terms of floristic components,species on the southern slope and the northern slope are dominated by temperate elements and have both tropical distributions,reflecting the transitional characteristics of the south warm-temperate-northern subtropical zone.In the structure of the diameter-scale,individuals with small diameters on the northern slope of Funiu Mountain occupy a large proportion,and the Quercus aliena var.Acutiserrata diameter-grade structure is similar to the inverted "J" shape,and the entire population is of the growth type.The diameter-grade structure of Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata on the southern slope plot is similar to the single peak type,and the population structure is stable,but the subsequent updating is difficult.From the point of view of vegetation diversity,the differences in vegetation diversity between the southern slope and the northern slope are relatively small.The Margalef index of the southern slope plot is slightly smaller than that of the northern slope,and the remaining indexes are slightly larger than the northern slope.(2)On the southern and the northern slope of Funiu Mountain,the inter-specific competition intensity of the Quercus aliena var.Acutiserrata was higher than that of the intra-specific competition,and the intra-specific and inter-specific competition of the Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata of the northern slope was more intense than that of the southern slope.The intensity of competition of the target wood Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata is related to the average DBH,number,and species of the plant.The order of the competitive intensity of the main species on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain was as follows:Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata>Pinus tabuliformis>Pinus armandii>Forsythia suspensa>Tilia japonica>Viburnum betulifolium>Philadelphus incanus>Lindera obtusiloba>Cary a cathay ensis>Cerasus tomentosa.The order of the competitive intensity of the main species on the northern slope of Funiu Mountain was as follows:Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata>Pinus armandii>Lindera obtusiloba>Toxicodendron vernicifluum>Cornus kousa subsp.chinensis>Symplocos paniculata>Sorbus alnifolia>Betula platyphylla>Pinus tabuliformis>Lit sea tsinlingensis.There is a positive correlation between the intra-specific competition intensity and the DBH of the Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain,but it is negatively correlated with the increase of the diameter class.The inter-specific competition intensity and DBH of the Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata are negatively related.The intra-specific and inter-specific competition intensity of Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata on the northern slope of Funiu Mountain was negatively correlated with DBH.(3)The average contents of organic matter,total N,available K,available P and available N in the soil on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain were smaller than those on the northern slope,and the pH value was higher than that on the northern slope.The soil fertility on the northern slope was slightly higher than that on the southern slope.The vertical distribution of soil nutrients showed a trend of decreasing from the surface layer to the lower layer,which had the property of surface aggregation,and the soil pH did not change significantly with the soil layer.The variation coefficient of soil nutrients on the southern slope and the northern slope is between 13%?69%,which is moderate variation.The soil pH variation coefficient is between 4%?8%,which is a weak variation.The soil organic matter and total N were significantly positively correlated on the southern slope and the northern slope.Soil pH was negatively correlated with other nutrients.