| The quality of a queen enormously contributes to the power and performance of the whole honeybee colony.Rearing high quality queens dramatically benefits the beekeeping practice and increase the economy effect.In order to acquire a simple and feasible technology method to rear high-quality queen,this study investigated the place of queen cell bar,queen-rearing method and the effect of brood pheromone esters on the quality of Apis cerana cerana queen.In this study,the queen cell bar were placed in different locations(between frames with sealed brood,frames with larvae and frames with complex brood)within a colony to rearing queens in Apis cerana cerana.Newly emerged queens from different breeding locations were sampled and analyzed for acceptance rate of queen cells,developmental indexes of queens and vitellogenin gene(Vg)expression.The results showed that the acceptance of queen cells and the expression level of Vg are relatively higher when queen cell bar were located between the brood frames.In this study,the queen were reared with non-grafting method and grafting method,the queen cells acceptance rate and newly-emerged queen’s developmental indexes including newly-emerged weight,thorax weight,thorax width,ovaries number were determined.Gene expression of vitellogenin(Vg),hexamerin70b(hex70b)and hexamerin110(hex110)was quantified by qRT-PCR.The results showed that non-grafting method performed a relatively higher queen cell accept rate compared with grafting method.And expression of Vg、hex110 was significantly higher.In this study,brood pheromone methyl stearate and larval hunger-signal pheromone E-beta-ocimene were added to investigate their effects on the quality of Apis cerana cerana queen,in the process of queen rearing.1μL of those two pheromone esters with concentration gradient of 0,0.1%,1.0% and 10.0% was added into the queen cells respectively using a micro sampling syringe injector respectively when queen larvae was 60-63 h old.Newly emerged queens from different breeding locations were sampled and analyzed for the developmental indexes of queens and the expression of Vg、hex70b and hex110 genes.The results showed that 10.0% treatment of E-beta-ocimene significantly increased the newly-emerged weight and the ovarioles number in one ovary,as well as increased the expression of Vg、hex70b and hex110 gene significantly in queen ovary.In 1.0% treatment of E-beta-ocimene,the ovarioles number in one ovary and the expression of Vg and hex110 of queen were all increased significantly.To further explore the effect of brood pheromone esters on the quality of Apis cerana cerana queen.1μL of mixture of brood pheromone esters with the concentration gradient of 0,0.1%,1.0% and 10.0% was added into the queen cells using a micro sampling syringe injector,respectively,when queen larvae was 60-63 h old.To investigate the effects of mixture of brood pheromone with 3 esters(3E,1.0% methyl linoleate,16.0% methyl linolenate,35.0% methyl oleate),4 esters(4E,4.5% methyl palmitate,1.0% methyl linoleate,16.0% methyl linolenate,35.0% methyl oleate)and 10 esters(10E,4.5% methyl palmitate,2.5% methyl stearate,35.0% methyl oleate,1.0% methyl linoleate,16.0% methyl linolenate,3.5% ethyl palmitate,1.5% ethyl stearate,18.0% ethyl oleate,0.5% ethyl linoleate,17.5% ethyl linolenate)on the quality of queen reared by queen-rearing technology without larvae-grafting.The results showed that 1% treatment of 3E significantly increased the newly-emerged weight and the ovarioles number,and increased the expression of hex110 gene significantly in queen ovary.In 10% treatment of 4E,the newly-emerged weight,the ovarioles number and the expression of hex70 b and hex110 of queen were all increased significantly.Therefore,queen-rearing without larvae-grafting technology could be used for highquality queen rearing in Apis cerana cerana and the best location for queen cells is between the brood frames.To a certain extent,1.0% or 10% E-beta-ocimene,1.0% 3E and 10.0% 4E added in queen-rearing process could improve the queen quality. |
PDF Full Text Request