| With the development of modern agriculture,the level of specialization,intensification and scale of vegetable industry is increasing day by day,and the continuous cropping obstacles are inevitable,resulting in soil nutrient imbalance,intensified diseases and insect pests,reduced yield and quality,and so on.Therefore,it is beneficial to the healthy and sustainable development of vegetable industry to study the obstacle of continuous cropping and overcome the obstacle of continuous cropping through scientific environmental protection.Jiangxi is a big Province of vegetable industry,and vegetable cultivation mode is mainly concentrated on vegetable species with higher economic benefit,such as eggplant fruit and melon and fruit,which bring high benefit at the same time.This has also led to serious problems of continuous cropping.However,at present,there has not been a systematic investigation into the current situation of continuous cropping of tomato fruits and vegetables in Jiangxi with special red soil and climate conditions,and the use of concomitant crops has not been formed.The effects of decomposing crop straw and comprehensive application of biomass charcoal and quicklime on alleviating continuous cropping obstacles are not clear.Based on the above problems and the present situation,this study intends to study the effects of these measures on the growth and development of continuous cropping pepper,soil environment and so on.So as to explore a set of effective methods to prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacles.The effects of these measures on the growth and development of continuous cropping pepper and soil environment were studied,and a set of effective methods to prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacles were explored.Provide feasible test methods and theoretical basis for practical production and application.The main results are as follows:1.In this paper,6 main areas of production of capsicum in Jiangxi Province were investigated.The results show that the facilities in Jiangxi Province pepper are different degree of continuous cropping obstacle,Jiujiang,Xingan,Gaoan degree of continuous cropping is relatively serious,chili incidence reached more than 42%on average.The main obstacle of the continuous cropping of capsicum in Jiangxi was caused by soil borne diseases,and the overall trend was that with the increase of continuous cropping years,the disease was aggravated and the soil continuous cropping obstacle was aggravated.In addition,the correlation analysis of the soil pH and electrical conductivity of the different continuous cropping years of the capsicum showed that the pH value of the soil in the continuous cropping pepper was negatively correlated with the years of continuous cropping,while the soil conductivity was positively correlated with the continuous cropping years.In six areas solanaceous fruit fertilization condition investigation and facilities as well as chili soil testing cases found that the continuous cropping soil chili main nutrient content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium significantly uneven,and on the high side,and not reasonable fertilization habit,lead to soil nutrient imbalance may also lead to Jiangxi province facilities chili continuous cropping obstacle.In this paper,the main measures of common soil diseases and prevention and control in various regional facilities in Jiangxi province are summarized,and the problems found in the investigation are analyzed,and some thoughts and suggestions are put forward.2.To study the effect of companion barley and mustard on protective enzyme activity and root soil environment of continuous cropping pepper.Pepper as material,using pot experiment,set the T1 associated barley treatment,T2 associated mustard,CK monoculture treatment?planting chili 1 strain?and the CW no seedlings processing?not any plant continuous cropping soil?.The results showed that the height of pepper plants increased by8.64%and the difference reached a significant level after the accompanying mustard.Both of the two treatments can reduce the H2O2 content of pepper leaves and improve POD and CAT activity.Among them,the treatment effect of the accompanying mustard was the best.Compared with CK,the activity of POD,CAT and APX increased by 12.61%,90.91%and38.71%respectively.The amount of actinomycetes,bacteria and total bacteria in the soil was higher than CK and CW and significantly reduced the number of fungi.At the same time,the pH value of pepper rhizosphere soil after the treatment of the accompanying mustard greens was increased,and the conductivity decreased.Both treatments increased the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase and sucrose enzyme.3.Using the pepper as the material,the pot experiment was used to set up 4 treatments:control treatment?CK:without any crop decomposition?;Mustard decomposition?JC?;Treatment of barley decay?DM?;Celery decay treatment?QC?.The results showed that compared with CK without any decomposition,the treatment in 3 could promote the growth and development of pepper seedlings.Among them,JC and DM had the best treatment effect,and the height of the pepper plant with a fixed value of 30d was higher than that in the control group.At the same time,3 treatments can promote root growth of pepper,and there are significant differences in root length,root surface area and root volume.Processed pepper leaf PSII maximum quantum yield?Fv/Fm?,PSII actual quantum yield?Y??II?and light chemical quenching coefficient?qP?have improved,but the treatment of nonchemical quenching coefficient?NQP?had little impact.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b were higher than those in other treatments,which increased by 25.27%,45.45%and 30.56%,respectively.The three treatments can increase the pH value of pepper soil,increase the number of soil microorganisms and reduce the soil electrical conductivity.After treatment,the activity of sucrase,acid phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase was significantly increased,but the activity of soil urease was significantly lower than that of control.4.Pepper was used as the material and 8 treatments were set up in the field:Control treatment?CK:Pepper without any biomass charcoal and quicklime?;Single application of biomass charcoal treatment(T2:1.5kg·m-2);Combine adding biomass charcoal and quicklime treatment(T3:1.5 kg·m-22 biomass charcoal+0.6kg·m-2 quicklime;T4:1.5kg·m-2 biomass charcoal+0.9kg·m-2 quicklime;T5:3kg·m-22 biomass charcoal+1.2kg·m-2 quicklime);Simple quicklime treatment(T6:0.6kg·m-2;T7:0.9kg/m2;T8:1.2kg·m-2).The results showed that adding appropriate amount of biomass charcoal and quicklime in the continuous cropping of pepper can significantly promote the growth and development of the pepper and improve the rhizosphere soil environment of the pepper.The effect of single quicklime or biomass charcoal on the growth of pepper was quite different,while the plant height,stem diameter and seedling index of pepper treated with appropriate amount of quicklime and biomass charcoal treatment?T4?were generally higher than others Treatment,the promotion of the growth of pepper most obvious.Single application of biomass charcoal treatment?T2?did not significantly increase the fresh weight and dry weight of pepper plants.However,with the increase of application amount of the single application of quicklime treatment,the inhibition effect will be shown;Combination treatment?T4?had obvious effects on the fresh weight and dry weight of pepper plants.The fresh weight and dry weight of shoots and roots of peppers were all higher than those of other treatments at the whole growth stage after treatment.Application of biomass charcoal and quicklime can significantly reduce the incidence of pepper blight,compared with the control,the lowest incidence and disease index of T5,the performance of the disease control the most significant.The application of quicklime and biomass charcoal promoted the increase of nutrient content in pepper soil.However,there was no significant difference in pH value between treatments,all of which ranged from 6.3 to 6.8.The result of this study can provide guidance for mitigating the continuous cropping problems and production practices in pepper. |
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