The Study Of Fishery Policy System From The Downstream Area Of Xijiang River During Ming And Qing Dynasties

Fishery is an important part of agricultural production in southern China.Downstream area of XiJiang River,acrossing Guangdong and Guangxi provices,has rich fishery resources for advantaged natural resources.The superior geographical environment has given the high productivity of fish and the unique superiority of fry reproduction in the downstream area of Xijiang River.The fry productioncan be traced back to the Tang and Song dynasties.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,people had accumulated a wealth of knowledge,experience and technology in predicting the fry period of fish fry,the quality of fish flowers,the setting of fishing rods,fishing techniques,identification,classification and purification of fry,transportation,and so on.With the trade and exchange of merchandise in the Xijiang River Basin,fish fishing techniques have been monopolized by people from Jiujiang and spread to various regions,as well as to Wuzhou.During the period of the Republic of China,the fry production in the Xijiang River Basin reached its peak,ranking first in the national production.Besides being sold to the domestic provinces,it was also exported to southeast Asia and other places.In the Ming Dynasty,the management set up Hebosuo in the area to levy fishery taxe.By the end of the Ming Dynasty,a large number of Hebosuo were abolished,and fishery administration was mainly supervised by the local government.At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,fisheries were recruited for rice and later encouraged to collect paper money to suppress the use of silver.In the middle and late Ming dynasty,excessive taxation caused Danmin to flee in large numbers.The Qing dynasty inherited the fishery policy system of the Ming Dynasty and reformed it.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,fish fry system was derived on the basis of fry tax,which promoted fry trafficking in Jiujiang and formed a sales network.The fishermen and Damin were relegated as the outcastle of the Ming dynasty.Although the outcastle syetem was abolished in the early Qing Dynasty,their socio-economic status had not changed fundamentally.During the Yongzheng years,the decree allowed Damin to live in the villages on the water's shores,and incorporated them into Baojia with Qi Min.