Occurrence Status And Control Techniques Of Main Rodents In Gannan Grassland

Rodents are one of the most serious organism for the grassland ecosystem as its population depend on strong fecundity and increase rapidly in a short time.Besides,Rodents can adapt various environment,include high or low temperature,ground or underground,tree,water,etc.In recent years,the damages caused by rodents have become increasingly serious in Gannan grassland.Problems such as grassland degradation,desertification,and soil erosion caused by rodents are particularly prominent,which breaks the original stability of grassland ecosystems and seriously influences grassland ecological and environmental security in Gannan region.In here,rodents of grassland in Gannan region was selected as research object,and the safety of grassland ecosystem was selected as the starting point,the species and distribution of rodents in the grasslands of Ganna region was clearly defined.Meanwhile,the life rhythms of two species rodents was also investigated.We studied and compared the different methods to control rodents.The prevention and control strategies of rodents in Gannan region were proposed.The main results are as fellows:1.There were 54 species of rodents in the grasslands of Gannan,belonging to 2orders and 7 families.Among them,there were 5 families and 46 species of rodents.There were 2 families and 8 species of rabbits.There were two major types of rodent pests in the grasslands of Gannan region.One is the species of Myospalacinae that live in the ground.They mainly feed on the roots of forages,and push hills to cover the grasslands,causing ecological damage.The other type was combination of the Ochotonidae and rabbits that live on the ground.They mainly eat pastures,hit holes and turn over soil,causing the surface to become bare.2.The Eospalax fontanierii has a circadian rhythm in its behavious activities.Peak activity occurs between 00:00-07:00 and 15:00-22:00 daily,and it’s sleeping at most of time.The activity of the Ochotona curzoniae also has a circadian rhythm.The activity peak period is between 8:00-10:00 and 15:00-19:00.The main behavioral activity is feeding based.The difference behaviors between in male and female rats was mainly due to the role of male and female rats in the population.3.In the control of Ochotona curzoniae,the bow and arrow prevention and control method has the advantages of low cost,high efficacy,no pollution to the environment,and safety and reliability,and its prevention and control effect reaches 93.82%.It is easy and convenient to adopt the method of bait-in-a-hole feeding.With high efficacy and rapidresults,the control effect can reach 93%.4.In the Ochotona curzoniae prevention and control,the best concentration of C-type botulinum rodenticide is 0.10% and the average effect is 91.5%;the best concentration of D-type botulinum rodenticide is 0.15%,and the average effect is 90.1% Both toxins have the advantages of good palatability,slow poisoning,no secondary poisoning,no harm to other animals,and no pollution to the environment.The method of controlling hawks and rodents for controlling rats is used in severe grassland areas where the terrain is flat,open,sparsely populated,grassland degraded far from roads,sparse vegetation,low plant height,and rodent harm are frequent.The effective density of the first three years after the scaffolding is installed is average.With a decrease of 30.3%,the average destruction rate of vegetation was reduced by 4.3-9.7%,which can effectively control the recovery of the plateau pika population.The method of attracting rats and controlling rats is simple,low-cost,one-time investment,long-term use,and long-term control of grassland rodents population.