Development Of The Functional Marker Of Important Agronomic Trait Genes In Rice

Functional marker is a molecular marker of phenotype variation based on the variation of gene internal sequence,and the traits of completely chain,can quickly and accurately detect the target genes and efficiently screen out the favorable genes and genotype of rice resources.This research according to the function change sequence mutation locus of the cloned growth duration gene Hd3a,spike grain number gene NOG1,low temperature germination gene qLTG3-1,shattering gene qSH1,fragrance gene fgr,grain shape gene GS5 and GS3,waxy gene Wx and gelatinization temperature gene ALK,designed the corresponding function markers;And detect the genotypes of 497 rice breeding materials.Some important results were found.1.Developed 9 functional marks including Hd3a-1,qLTG3-1,SH1,FGR,NOG1,GS3-1,GS5-3,Wx-1,ALK-1.The functional marker Hd3a-1 was designed for the T/C mutation in the upstream 504 bp of Hd3a gene;The functional marker NOG1 was designed for the different 12 bp copies on the 2214 bp of NOG1 gene coding sequence;The functional marker qLTG3-1 was designed for a 71 bp deletions mutation in the exon-1?47bp?of qLTG3-1 gene;The functional marker SH1 was designed for the T/G mutation in upstream 12 kb of qSH1 gene;The functional marker FGR was designed for the C/T mutant in the exon-7 of fgr gene;The functional marker GS5-3 was designed for a 6 bp insertions in the exon-1 of GS5 gene;The functional marker GS3-1 was designed for the A/C mutant in the exon-2 of GS3 gene;The functional marker Wx-1 was designed for the GT/TT mutation in the intron-1 of Wx gene;The functional marker ALK-1 was designed for the GC₂₃₁₉/TT₂₃₁₉319 mutation of ALK.2.The genotype frequencies of the supernatant function markers were obtained in497 rice breeding materials;Hd3a-1 can detect 3 genotypes,the frequency of early-maturing Hd3a genotype is 72.42%,the frequency of late-maturing Hd3a genotype is26.36%,and the frequency of hybrid Hd3a genotype is 3.22%;NOG1 can detect two genotypes,the frequency of NOG1 genotype with oligopanicle number is 1.61%,and the frequency of polypanicle number is 98.39%;qLTG3-1 can detect five genotypes,the genotype frequency of the allele gene locus?145 bp?of qLTG3-1 was 1.61%,the genotype frequency of the allele gene locus?197 bp?of qLTG3-1 was 58.55%,the genotype frequency of the allele gene locus?205 bp?of q LTG3-1 was 20.32%,the genotype frequency of the allele gene locus?216 bp?of q LTG3-1 was 9.26%,the genotype frequency of the allele gene locus?220 bp?of q LTG3-1 was 10.26%;SH1 can detect two genotypes,the frequency of difficult shattering q SH1 genotype is 0.60%,and the frequency of easy shattering q SH1 genotype is 99.40%;FGR can detect 3 genotypesthe,the frequency of fragrance fgr genotype is 44.87%;the frequency of non-fragrance fgr genotype is 52.11%,and the frequency of hybrid fgr genotype is 3.02%;GS5-3 can detect two genotypes,the frequency of narrow grain GS5 genotype was 72.43%,and wide grain GS5 genotype was27.57%.GS3-1 can detect two genotypes,the frequency of large GS3 genotypes is 91.34%,and the frequency of small GS3 genotypes is 8.65%.Wx-1 can detect 3 genotypes,the frequency of Wx genotype with low amylose content is 41.45%,the frequency of Wx genotype with high amylose content is 51.51%,and the frequency of hybrid Wx genotype is7.04%.ALK-1 can detect 3 genotypes,the frequency of ALK genotypes with low pasting temperature is 66.80%,the frequency of ALK genotypes with high pasting temperature is31.38%,and the frequency of mixed ALK genotypes is 1.81%.3.Application of functional markers of simplified cultivation genes.The growth period of the Hd3 a allele gene locus?118 bp?is precocious,and the Hd3 a allele gene locus?131 bp?is late;At low temperature,the germination of the q LTG3-1 gene locus?220bp and 216 bp?is higher,and the q LTG3-1 gene locus?145 bp,197 bp,205 bp?is lower;The shattering of the q SH1 gene locus?129 bp?is easy shattering,and the q SH1 gene locus?134 bp?is difficult shattering.4.Application of functional markers of rice yield and quality genes.The Spike grain number of NOG1 allele gene locus?150 bp?is more few,and the NOG1 allele gene locus?162 bp?is more;The fragrance of the fgr allele gene locus?95 bp?is fragrant,and the fragrance of the fgr allele gene locus?108 bp?is not fragrance;The grain width of the GS5 allele gene locus?74 bp?is more wide,and the GS5 allele gene locus?68 bp?is more narrow;The grain width of the GS3 allele gene locus?89 bp?is large size,and the GS3 allele gene locus?94 bp?is small size;The amylose content of the Wx allele gene locus?96 bp?is more high,and the Wx allele gene locus?101 bp?is more low;The gelatinization temperature of the ALK allele gene locus?148 bp?is more high,and the ALK allele gene locus?143 bp?is more low.This research is about to develop the 9 functional markers of important agronomic trait genes of rice such as the Hd3a-1.and made preliminary application,this will to provide breeding materials for breeding new rice varieties with high yield,high quality and simplified cultivation.