Research Of Machine-harvesting Characteristics Of Ear-maturing Maize Inbred Lines

With 4 maize inbred lines(D1,M1,P6-47-2 and G303)as testers,the yield traits,mechanical properties of stems and moisture properties of ears of 23 high-generation lines(S5)in maize were measured,high-generation lines in maize that were excellent in combiningability and suitable for harvesting machines were screened,and combinations with high yield,rapid resistance to dehydration and suitability for harvesting machines were collocated using incomplete diallel cross(NCII).The suitable characteristics of harvesting machines of 23 high-generation lines in maize were comprehensively evaluated,so as to lay the foundation for its rational application.The results of this study showed that:(1)Indexes affecting the yield of high-generation lines in maize: hundred-kernel weight,ear number per ear,ear length,ear coefficient,and plant height.(2)The stem internode puncture intensity is the key index to indexes affecting to lodging resistance of high-generation lines in maize.(3)Indexes affecting the kernel dehydration rate after the mature of high-generation lines in maize: water contentat mature of husk leaves,water contentat mature of rachis,kernel length,hundred-kernel weight,ear height,ear coefficient.(4)The GCA effect value of yield was significantly positive has 11 lines including high-generation line S5-18 and S5-58;The GCA effect value of stem internode puncture intensity was significantly positive has 6 lines including high-generation line S5-18 and S5-33;The GCA effect value of kernel dehydration rate after the mature was significantly positive has 12 lines including high-generation line S5-33 and S5-58.(5)The effect value(GCA)of yield,puncture strength between stem internodes and the kernel dehydration rate after the mature was all positive and significant in high-generation line S5-18,S5-33 and S5-58.(6)The effect value(TCA)of yield,puncture strength between stem internodes and the kernel dehydration rate after the mature was all positive and significant in combination: S5-39×G303,S5-22×D1,S5-9×M1,S5-4×G303,S5-31×G303,S5-18×M1,S5-27×M1,S5-1×G303,S5-61×P6-47-2,S5-73×M1 and S5-72×P6-47-2.The comprehensive properties of these inbred lines are excellent,and can be used as key inbred lines to screen maize varieties suitable for harvesting machines for identification.