| The current study was investigated the effects of dietary fish meal replacement by seaweeds or residues on growth performance,serum and liver biochemical indices,body composition of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L)and tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripe).The results of these studies are shown as follows: 1.Effects of Gracilaria verrucosa,Enteromorpha prolifera,algae residue and fungi residue on growth performance,body composition and intestinal morphology of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L)This study was investigated the effects of dietary fish meal replacement by seaweeds or residues on growth performance,serum and liver biochemical indices,body composition and intestinal morphology of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L),(Method)with a basic diet containing 60% fishmeal as the control,and other four diets with 35% fishmeal replaced by 10% four kinds of seaweeds or residues(Gracilaria verrucosa,Enteromorpha prolifera,Algae residue,Fungi residue)and plant protein(wheat gluten,corn gluten meal,soybean meal),and they were named as FM,JL,HT,ZZ,JZ.Each diet was fed to three replicates of 25 turbot with an initial body weight of(16.00±0.11)g for 77 d.(Result)The results showed as follows: 1)the weight gain rate(WGR)and special growth ratio(SGR)of JL,ZZ and JZ groups were not significantly different compared with that of FM group(P>0.05).The WGR and SGR of HT group were significantly lower than that of FM group(P<0.05).The feed efficiency ratio(FER)and protein productive value(PPV)of HT,ZZ and JZ groups were significantly lower than FM group(P<0.05).The FER and PPV of JL group were not significantly different from FM group(P>0.05).2)Crude protein contents of whole body in JL and HT groups were significantly lower than FM group(P<0.05).And crude lipid contents in whole body in ZZ and JZ groups were significantly higher than FM group(P<0.05).The contents of histidine and taurine inmuscle in JL,HT,ZZ and JZ groups were significantly lower than FM group(P<0.05)and the content of lysine in HT and ZZ groups was significantly lower than FM group(P<0.05).No significant differences were found in activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT),serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT)and liver GOT(P>0.05).The activity of liver GPT of JL and JZ groups were significantly lower than that of FM group(P<0.05).3)The mucosal fold height of foregut and midgut of JZ group were significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).The mucosal fold height of foregut of ZZ group was significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).No significant difference were found in microvillus height(P>0.05).(Conclusion)Above results show that replaced 35% fish meal with 10% Gracilaria verrucosa,algae residue or fungi residue and vegetable proteins have no adverse effect on the growth performance of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L),and can improve the development of intestinal morphology.2.Effects of Gracilaria verrucosa,Enteromorpha prolifera,algae residue and fungi residue on growth performance,serum and liver biochemical indices and body composition of juvenile tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes)This study was investigated the effects of dietary fish meal replacement by seaweeds or residues on growth performance,serum and liver biochemical indices,body composition of juvenile tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes),with 2 fishmeal diets containing 60% and 45% fishmeal as the control 1,and the control 2,and other four diets with 30% fishmeal replaced by 10% four kinds of seaweeds or residues(Gracilaria verrucosa,Enteromorpha prolifera,Algae residue,Fungi residue)and plant protein(wheat gluten,corn gluten meal,soybean meal),and they were named as C1,C2,JL,HT,ZZ,JZ.Each diet was fed to three replicates of 25 tiger puffer with an initial body weight of(17.33±0.55)g for 56 d.The results showed as follows: 1)The SGR of HT group were significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The SGR of ZZ group was significantly higher than C2 and JL groups(P<0.05).The FER of C1 and HT groups were significantly higher than C2 and JZ groups(P<0.05).The PPV and protein efficiency ratio(PER)of C1 group were significantly higher than C2 and JZ groups(P<0.05).2)No significant differences were found in activities of serum GPT,serum GOT,liver GPT and liver GOT(P>0.05).No significant differences were found in activity of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and content of malondialdehyde(MDA).3)Crude protein content of whole body in JZ group was significantly higher than ZZ group(P<0.05).And crude lipid contents in whole bodyin HT and ZZ groups were significantly higher than C2 group(P<0.05).Above results show that replaced 30% fish meal with 10% Gracilaria verrucosa,Enteromorpha prolifera,algae residue or fungi residue and vegetable proteins have no adverse effect on the growth performance of juvenile tiger puffer,and Enteromorpha prolifera can significantly improve the growth performance.3.Effects of dietary taurine on growth performance and activities of key taurine synthesis enzyme of juvenile tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes)This study was investigated the effects of dietary taurine on growth performance and activities of key taurine synthesis enzyme of juvenile tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes,with 2 fishmeal diets containing 60% and 45% fishmeal as the control 1,and the control 2,and two diets with 30% fishmeal replaced by plant protein contain taurine at level 0.5% and 1%,and they were named as C1,C2,0.5T,1T.Each diet was fed to three replicates of 25 tiger puffer with an initial body weight of(17.33±0.55)g for 56 d.The results showed as follows: 1)No significant differences were found in survival rate(P>0.05).The SGR of 1T group was highest while the SRG of C2 group was lowest,but no significantly difference were found(P>0.05).No significant differences were found in PPV,PER,heaptosomatic index(HSI),viscerosomatic index(VSI)and condition factor(CF)(P>0.05).2)No significant differences were found in activities of serum GPT,serum GOT,liver GPT and liver GOT(P>0.05).No significant differences were found in activities of liver cysteine dioxygenase(CDO)(P>0.05).The activities of cysteinesulfinate decar-boxylase(CSD)in liver of C2 group was significantly higher than C1,0.5T,1T(P<0.05).3)No significant differences were found in crude protein,crude lipid,and ash contents of whole body.Above results show that dietary taurine improved the growth performance of juvenile tiger puffer,and tiger puffer could adjust taurine synthesis ability to adapt to different levels of dietary taurine. |
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