Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction On Yield And Quality Of Greenhouse Tomato

Decrement and synergism of chemical fertilizer is a key technology to improve soil environment and fertilizer utilization rate by reducing the quantity of chemical fertilizer,and to improve crop growth and fruit quality.It is of great significance to the sustainable development of agriculture.Aiming at the problems of soil environment,fertilizer utilization,yield and fruit quality decreased with excessive application of chemical fertilizer in tomato production,this paper in order to study the effect of reducing 30%nitrogen fertilizer and increasing 20%organic fertilizer on the yield and quality of tomato in early spring by calculating the amount of fertilizer applied according to the target yield of tomato,and to provide a reasonable nitrogen application standard for tomato growth.The main results are as follows:1.The soil enzyme activity and the number of soil microbes were significantly increased by applying organic manure and the content of bacteria in soil microorganism was the most obvious.The content of functional bacteria related to nitrogen and phosphorus was significantly increased.Under combined with organic manure treatment,the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency were 23.90%,38.88%and 19.00%,the partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency were 156.69 kg/kg and 41.87 kg/kg,and the fertilizer contribution rate and soil contribution rate were 57.40%and 53.77%.Compared with total chemical fertilizer,it was significantly higher.After applying organic fertilizer,the fruit quality and yield of tomato was the best,and the yield were 7692.76kg/667m².To sum up,the application of organic fertilizer can improve the fertilizer utilization rate,soil microenvironment,tomato quality and yield.2.The soil enzyme activities increased significantly under nitrogen fertilizer reduction30%treatment,and reached the maximum at harvest peak.The effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction 30%on the absorption of N,P,K,was the best,and the fruit quality has significant improved.The total dry weight of the plant was obviously increased,the fruit dry weight was the highest,the yield reached 13717.14 kg/667 m²,the partial factor productivity was 261.41kg/kg which was higher than that of the other treatments.These indexes in the target yield fertilizer treatment?N1,N2?were superior to the farmers'fertilization treatment?F1,F2?.To sum up,the nitrogen reduction 30%treatment?N:56.25 kg/667 m²,P₂O₅:12.50 kg/667 m²,K₂O:62.50 kg/667 m²?has the highest yield and the best fertilization effect.So it is recommended as the fertilizer standard for tomato in greenhouse.3.Through the above two experiments,the effects of 30%nitrogen fertilizer reduction and 20%organic fertilizer application on the soil environment,fertilizer utilization efficiency and yield and quality of greenhouse tomato were further studied.The results show that:the soil microbial content and soil enzyme activity reached the maximum among the treatments,and the content of the functional bacteria related to nitrogen and phosphorus was significantly increased.The effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction 30%on the absorption of N,P,K,was the best,and the fruit uptake was the largest.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency were 36.97%,60.51%and 26.19%respectively,and the partial factor productivity was 238.73 kg/kg under 30%nitrogen reduction treatment.The rank of fruit quality was N2>N3>N1>F2>CK>F1 by principal component analysis,the fruit quality in N2was the best,and the yield was 9939.32 kg/667 m²,reaching the maximum.These indexes in the target yield fertilizer treatment?N1,N2,N3?were superior to the farmers'fertilization treatment?F1,F2?.To sum up,the nitrogen reduction 30%treatment?N:21.01 kg/667 m²,P₂O₅:2.71 kg/667 m²,K₂O:18.24 kg/667 m²?has the highest yield and the best fertilization effect.So it is recommended as the fertilizer standard for tomato in greenhouse.