Effect Of Maternal Supplementation Of Nicotinamide On Growth Performance,Oxidative Ability And Immunity Of Offspring Lambs

Dairy animals are often in the state of the negative multi-nutrient balance during transition period.There are many researches on negative energy balance and the most attention has been paid to it.Nutrient additives have become an important measure to regulate the health and lactation performance of transition dairy animals.According to the effect of maternal nutrition,maternal nutrition stimulates the metabolism of the offspring during the embryonic period or the critical period after birth,so the maternal nutrition may have an important effect on the offspring during transition period.This study starts with the problem of negative energy balance and maternal nutrition effect,composed three trails,including the feeding and slaughter experiments.The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of supplementation of nicotinamide on transition dairy goat on growth performance,antioxidative ability and immunity of lambs by measuring related index in placenta,milk,plasma and tissue of lambs.It provides a theoretical basis for nicotinamide to alleviate the negative energy balance during transition period and its maternal nutrition effect.Effect of supplementation of nicotinamide on transition dairy goat on growth performance of lambsThe experimental treatment was carried out on Guanzhong dairy goat with strict control of lamb intake.15 dairy goat were randomly separated into control group,postpartum addition group(0 to 28 d),perinatal addition groups(-21 to 28 d),according to the principle of consistent body weight and lactation performance.Nicotinamide was fed on a dose of 5 g/d.The trial lasted 7 week,including 3 weeks before and 4 weeks after delivery.All the lambs were slaughtered at 28 days postpartum.Postpartum and perinatal supplementation of nicotinamide have no effect on birth weight,body weight,daily gain,organ indexes of liver and spleen of lambs(P>0.05).There was no significant effect on the carcass weight of the lambs after slaughter(P>0.05).There was no effect on GH of 14 and 28 d in plasma(P>0.05).perinatal addition has no effect on gestation time of ewe.The results showed that postpartum and perinatal supplementation nicotinamide had no effect on the birth weight and the growth and development of 28 d lambs and perinatal addition had no effect on the pregnancy status of the ewes.Effect of supplementation of nicotinamide on transition dairy goat on antioxidative ability of lambsThe purpose of this experiment was study the effect of adding nicotinamide to antioxidative ability of lambs.perinatal addition decrease T-AOC and expression of GPX1(P<0.05),and expression of CAT,SOD and GPX3 were lower than control group.Postpartum addition increased T-AOC on 28 d and MDA on 21 d in milk,decreased T-AOC on 28 d in serum(P<0.05).perinatal addition increased T-AOC on 21 d in milk,decreased T-AOC on 14 d and CAT on 28 d in serum(P<0.05).Postpartum and perinatal addition nicotinamide decreased enzyme activity and gene expression of SOD2 and GPX1(P<0.05).Perinatal addition decreased CAT gene expression.The results showed that Prepartum addition decreased antioxtive enzyme activity and gene expression,and postpartum addition decreased ROS in milk.Postpartum and perinatal addition decreased antioxidative ability of lambs.Effect of supplementation of nicotinamide on transition dairy goat on immune function of lambsThe aim of this experiment was to study the effect of adding nicotinamide on colostrum and immune function of lambs.Postpartum and perinatal addition increased IgG on 28 d in serum and gene expression of IL-1β in spleen and lymph(P<0.05).perinatal addition decreased gene expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ(P<0.05).Postpartum and perinatal addition decreased gene expression of DNMT1(P<0.05).The results showed that Postpartum and perinatal addition have no effect on colostrum and improve immune function of lambs.The improvement of immune function may be related to the level of DNA methylation.In the present study,Postpartum and perinatal addition nicotinamide had no effect on birth weight and growth and development of lambs.Perinatal addition decreased the transfer of oxygen free radicals through the placenta to the fetus.Postpartum and perinatal addition nicotinamide improve the antioxidant ability of the milk,reduce the oxidative stress and improve immune function of the lamb.