Effects Of Different Led Remaining Cluster And Light-supplement Time On The Quality And Yield Of Tomato

Tomatoes(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill),could be a significantly important kind of specific vegetable or fruit in the world.With the improvement of living standards,people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of tomatoes,so research on the quality of tomato fruits has gradually become an important research topic.In this study,two trials were designed to study tomato quality and improve tomato quality.We used “Provence” as the plant material to respectively design two experiments for these researches.The first test was set 4 treatments(T3: remaining 3 cluster,T5: remaining 5 cluster,T7: remaining 7 cluster,T9: remaining 9 cluster).Study on the effects of different cluster on photosynthetic capacity and fruit quality of tomato;the secoud test set 3 treatments about different light-supplement time in fruit swelling period(T1: 5:00-9:00AM and 17:00-19:00PM,T2: 6:00-9:00AM and 17:00-19:00PM,T3: 7:00-9: 00 AM and 17:00-19:00 PM,no light-supplement treatment as control(CK),each treatment was repeated 3 times.These results of the experiments will provide a theoretical basis for the quality improvement of tomato fruit in winter.The test results are as follows:1.The different of remaining cluster had a significant effect on the photosynthetic capacity of tomato leaves.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids in tomato leaves with remaining more cluster were significantly higher than those in leaves with remaining few cluster;the trend of each pigment content showed that T3 and T5 increased first and then decreased,while T7 and T9 continued to increase.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of leaves showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,T7 treatment has the maximum.The net photosynthetic rate of T7 increased by 71.32% compared with that of T3.This indicated that the appropriate number of remaining cluster was more conducive to the synthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and effectively increased the photosynthetic rate in the late tomato fruit stage.2.The different remaining cluster‘s treatment had a significant difference in the taste flavor of the fruit at the first cluster and the fourth cluster,and the soluble solids and total acid content of the T9 treatment was significantly lower than other treatments.On the whole,the soluble solids content of the each cluster's fruit from 1 to 7 was between 4.13% and 4.73%.The change of total acid content first decreased and then increased.The change range was between 0.28% and 0.53%.And change rangen the suger acid ratio between 8.87 and 14.00.However,the soluble solids content in the cluster of 8~9 fruit is very high,but the total acid content is low.Although the ratio of sugar to acid is high,the taste of the fruit is dull and tasteless.Therefore,in the greenhouse cultivation of tomato in early spring in Yangling area,it is recommended to leave up to 7 cluster in order to ensure a good fruit taste.3.The treatment of the different remaining cluster's treatment had a significant effect on the fruit weight,transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of the fruit,but had no effect on the fruit shape index of the fruit.The single fruit weight of the fruit with less clusters was significantly higher than that of the fruit with multiple clusters.In order to ensure that each clusters' fruit has good commerciality,it is recommended to leave up to 7 clusters under the conditions of early spring greenhouse cultivation in Shanxi Yangling area.4.The light-supplement for 6 h had the great effect on plant growth,and the plant height and stem diameter were increased by 8.9% and 38.5% respectively.The effect of lightsupplement during the fruit swelling period on plant stem diameter was greater than plant height.5.The different light-supplement time had significant effects on photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic parameters of plant leaves.At 6 h light-supplement,the net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration of the plants were the highest,which increased by 13.4% and 36.3%,respectively.6.The light-supplement effectively promoted the content of soluble solids and total acid in tomato fruit and improve the taste and flavor of the fruit.With the prolonging of the light-supplement time,the enhancement of increase was more obvious.The content of soluble solids and total acid increased 33.1%,46.5%,respectively.The light-supplement for 6 h had the greatest promoting effect on soluble sugar and soluble protein content,which increased by 16.2% and 33.84%,respectively.The effect of light-supplement for 5 h had the greatest effect on vitamin C and lycopene contents,which increased by 21.8% and 69.5%,respectively.After the calculation of the subordinate function values of tomato's various quality indicators,a comprehensive evaluation of the fruit taste flavor and nutritional quality results,and the best quality of the tomato fruit is at light-supplement 6 h.7.At light-supplement 6 h,5h,and 4 h,the yield of each treatment increased by 29.2%,24.6%,and 21.9%,respectively.Based on the comprehensive quality and yield of fruit,we was speculated that light-supplementing of 6 h during the fruit swelling period in winter can effectively improve the quality and yield of tomato.