| In this study,11 rice cultivars from Northeast China were used as test materials to compare the yield formation,lodging traits,photosynthetic characteristics,and material accumulation of different cultivars,and to provide theoretical basis for evaluating yield and lodging resistance of different cultivars.The japonica rice varieties Tiejing7,Daohuaxiang,Shendao505,and Shendao529 were used as experimental materials to study the changes of yield,lodging and photosynthetic characteristics under three kinds of hill spacing(13.3 cm,20.0 cm,26.6 cm)levels.In order to determine the growth and development patterns of different types of japonica rice varieties under different hill distances,a theoretical reference would be expected to provide for the high-yield and lodging-resistance modes of rice in the region.The results were showed as below:1.Evaluation of yield and lodging of japonica rice cultivarsIn the present study,except for the high glutinous rice,the“sorghum rice”had a high number of spikelets per panicle and a number of filled grains per panicle that allowed for high yield,while other higher yield cultivars(Shendao47,Shendao505,Shendao529)were coordinated the number of effective panicles,the number of grains per panicle,and the1000-grain weight to achieve high yields,so that the"panicle-grain-grain weight"coordinately progressed.Higher SPAD values and good photosynthetic characteristics ensure the accumulation of later materials.From 15 to 35 days after full heading stage,lodging traits of different cultivars varied.Overall,grain filling became more abundant with late growth,and the lodging resistance was reduced.As the maturation center of gravity of the panicle moved up and the angle of the panicle neck increased,the internode bending was increased.As the torque rises,the material in the stem flows toward the“sink”,making its resistance to breaking down.In the study,Shendao505 and Tiejiao7were relatively resistant to lodging,which was significantly related to the strong anti-breaking force at the late growth stage of the cultivar.The weak resistance of the rice Daohuaxiang was the weakest,and the first day after the heading date was 35 days.The intervening lodging coefficient is as high as 210.5 g·cm/g,which is basically due to the decrease of the flexural resistance and the increase of the internode bending moment.Therefore,through the selection of appropriate cultivation techniques,the production can ensure the supply of the panicle yield,ensure the stability of the stem to maintain the fracture resistance,improve the lodging resistance,and achieve high-yield and high-yield rice production.2.Experiment on the yield and lodging character of different japonica rice cultivarsFrom the perspective of the overall yield of the four cultivars in this study,Shendao505>Tiejing7>Shendao529>Daohuaxiang,among which Tiejing7,Shendao505 and Shendao529 are all located at 13.3 cm The highest yields were 10163.8,10454.6,and 10010.6 kg/hm~2,respectively,indicating that proper planting of erect panicles and semi-erect panicles can contribute to yield.Daohuaxiang scent had the highest yield in the middle of the hole,which was 8712.9 kg/hm~2,indicating that the larger hole spacing ensures the number of effective panicles while taking into account the development of the panicle and the fullness of the grain,and finally achieves high yield and quality.Different cultivars grow well in their appropriate planting distances,so that the flag leaves and the inverted leaves perform photosynthesis in a more ideal form,which is beneficial to the accumulation of carbohydrates and contributes to yield.In this study,the culet distance changed the flexural resistance and the internode bending moment by influencing the physics of rice stems and the physical properties of the panicles,but the differences between the first and second pods were different,causing the latter two differences,and finally the lodging resistance.Change has occurred.In general,the difference in lofty cultivars was attributed to their own agronomic traits,such as plant height,panicle length,and panicle-cervical angle.Within the cultivar,the internode distance mainly affected individual plant growth,and stems and fresh weight of the panicle occurred,affecting the lodging resistance.In production,the spacing between erect spikes and semi-erect panicles(13.3 cm)can be reduced,so that the number of effective panicles can be increased,and stable yield can be achieved with high yield.The diameter of the curved panicles can be appropriately increased(20.0 cm).To protect the growth and development of individuals and groups in order to achieve high yield and resistance... |
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