Researchs On Species Composition And Diversity Of Weed Seeds Carried By Three Kinds Of Imported Goods In Heze City

The composition,relative abundance and diversity of weed seeds in the three species imported goods,including sheep skin,sheep wool and corn,in Heze City,Shandong provice,were investigated in this paper.14 species of significant quarantine weed seeds and 58 species of common quarantine weed seeds were detected.All the researches could provide important theoretical basis for the formulation and implement of phytosanitary measures for the weed seeds in the Heze Custom.16 species of weed seeds belonging to 11 genera,6 families were detected on the sheep skin from 11 regions,6 countries(Australia,Germany,Canada,the US,New zealand and England)in 2015.The relative abundance of species in the two genera,Xanthium and the Medicago was high,and that of Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum,Cenchrus echinatus,Bromus rigidus Roth with significant quarantine were relatively high.17 species of weed seeds belonging to 11 genera,6 families were detected on the sheepskin from 10 regions,6 countries(Australia,Germany,Canada,Ireland,New zealand and England)in 2016.The relative abundance of species in the Genus Medicago,Hemerocallis citrina and Hordeum leporinum was high,and the species with significant quarantine were rare,only Bromus rigidus and Xanthium spinosum.The species with significant quarantine in both 2015 and 2016 uniformly were Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum,Bromus rigidus and Cenchrus echinatus.13 species of weed seeds belonging to 7 genera,4 families were detected in the sheep mool from 6 regions,6 countries(Elizabeth,South Africa;Victoria,Australia;Lesotho;Samora,Spain,South Island,New zealand and Patagonia,Agentina)in 2015 and from 7 regions of 7 countries(Elizabeth,South Africa;Victoria,Australia;Uruguay;Lesotho;Samora,Spain,South Island,New zealand and Belgium)in 2016 with 4 species with significant quarantine,Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum,Bromus rigidus and Avena ludoviciana.The relative abundance of Xanthium,Medicago,Lolium perenne were high in 2015,and that of the three species,Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum and Bromus rigidus,with significant quarantine were relatively high.The relative abundance of Xanthium spp.,Medicago arabica,Hordeum leporinum were high in 2016,and that of the three species,Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum and Bromus rigidus,with significant quarantine were relatively high,and Xanthium spinosum was detected in 6 countries.53 species of weed seeds belonging to 32 genera,16 families were detected in the corn from 7 countries(Australia,Agentina,Brazil,France,Canada,the US and Uruguay)in 2015.51 species of weed seeds belonging to 32 genera,16 families were detected in the corn from 6 countries(the US,Canada,Australia,Brazil,Uruguay,France)in 2016.Weed seeds from the US and Brazil were very rich,the species with significant quarantine from the America continents also were richest.13 species with significant quarantine were detected in 2015,including Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum,Xanthium occidentale,Xanthium cavanillesii,Ambrosia trifida,Helianthus annuus,Euphorbia dentate,Cenchrus echinatus,Cenchrus pauciflorus,Avena ludoviciana,Bromus rigidus,Sorghum halepense and Sorghum almum.12 species with significant quarantine were detected in 2015,including Xanthium spinosum,Xanthium pensylvanicum,Xanthium occidentale,Ambrosia trifida,Ambrosia artemisifolia,Helianthus annuus,Euphorbia dentate,Cenchrus echinatus,Cenchrus pauciflorus,Bromus rigidus,Sorghum halepense and Sorghum almum.In 2015,among the 7 countries,the relative abundance of in the genus Xanthium from Agentina,Brasil and the US was highest,and that of Sorghum halepense and Ambrosia trifida were also high;Bidens pilosa,Sorghum halepense,Euphorbia dentate etc.from Uruguay also relatively high;Avena ludoviciana,Avena fatua and Bromus rigidus relatively high in Canada and France;Bromus rigidus and Lolium perenne relatively high in Australia.In 2016,among the 6 countries,the relative abundance of Bidens pilosa,Ambrosia trifida L,Amaranthus retroflexus etc.from the US,Brasil,Uruguay and Canada was high.The countries with the highest Shannon diversity index of weed seeds on the sheepskin both in 2015 and in 2016 were Western Australia in Australia.The Shannon diversity indices of weed seeds on the sheepskin in OTAGO and Auckland,New zealand ranked the first fifth.The size of Shannon diversity indices in Germany ranked the fifth in 2015 and the ninth in 2016 among the sampled countries,but the change of Shannon diversity indices in the two years was small.The Shannon diversity indices of weed seeds in the sheep wool both in 2015 and in 2016 were small,and the change were also small.The highest Shannon diversity indices of weed seeds on the sheepskin in the two years occurred in Elizabeth,South Africa,and the second size occurred in Zamora,Spain,ranking the first third in the two years.The diversity index of weed seeds in South Island,New Zealand were small and ranked the second last.The Shannon diversity indices of weed seeds in the corn among the sampled countries both in 2015 and in 2016 were large,and the differences among the indices changeable.The Shannon diversity indices of weed seeds in corn in Brazil and the US ranked the first third,Canada and Uruguay ranked the last and the second last in the two years.