Ensilage Of Stem And Leaves And Pseudo Stem Of Banana And Their Influences On Rumen Fermentation And Growth Performance Of Goats

This study focused on the effects of adding different acidifiers and maize powder on the quality of high-moisture banana stems and leaves and banana pseudostems,And feeding value of silage banana pseudostem by different treatments vitro gas assessed and the nylon bag method.On the basis,different treatments of banana pseudostem silage were used instead of 20%of the moss to feed the goats.The goats were compared for their digestion,growth performance,rumen fermentation characteristics and rumen microflora.The silage combination and its feeding scheme in goat diet provide reference for the rational use of banana pseudostem silage in goat rearing.The research content mainly includes the following three parts:Trial 1 Effects of adding different acidifiers and maize powder on the quality of banana stems and leaves and silageThe purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different acidifiers and maize powder on the silages quality of high-moisture banana stems and leaves and banana poseudostems.two types of silage materials-fresh banana stems and leaves and banana pseudostems(leaving for 48 hours,and the corresponding moisture content was 91.1%and 94.8%)were ensiled with different organic acids and maize powder.The banana stems and leaves were ensiled with 10%maize powder(YY group),10%maize powder + 0.6%formic acid(YJ group),10%maize powder + 0.4%acetic acid(YS group),10%maize powder + 0.5%calcium propionate(YB group),respectively,there was a control without organic acids and maize powder(CK1 group).The banana pseudostems were ensiled with 10%maize powder(JY group),10%maize powder + 0.6%formic acid(JJ group),10%maize powder + 0.4%acetic acid(JS group)and 10%maize powder + 0.5%calcium propionate(JB group),respectively,and there was a control without organic acids and maize powder(CK2 group).Silages were opened after ensiling 45 days,and sensory evaluation and laboratory evaluation were performed for silages of each group.The results showed that the sensory evaluation of silages for banana stems and leaves and banana pseudostems after treatment with different additives was better than that of the corresponding control group(CK1 and CK2 groups).Compared with the corresponding control group,the addition of maize powder(YY and JY groups)significantly reduced the pH(P<0.05),significantly increased the lactic acid content(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the ammonia nitrogen content(P<0.05).The contents of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in YJ,YS,YB and YY groups with different organic acids were not significantly different(P<0.05),while the contents of dry matter,neutral detergent fiber and total phenol in JY group were significantly lower than those in JJ group(P<0.05),and the group added with formic acid and maize powder was used in banana stems and leaves group(YJ group)and banana pseudostems group(JJ group)had the lowest lactic acid content and the highest soluble carbohydrate content.It can be seen that the addition of different organic acids and maize powder in silage can improve the silage quality of high moisture banana stems and leaves and banana pseudostems,with the best silage quality when adding formic acid and maize powder.Trial 2 Evaluation of the value of banana pseudostem silage for different treatmentsThis experiment evaluated the feeding value of banana pseudostem silage of different treatment methods by in vitro gas production method and nylon bag method.In vitro gasproduction method for the determination of banana pseudostem conventional silage(CK2 group),banana pseudostem + 0.6%formic acid(JF group),banana pseudostem + 10%corn flour(JY group),banana pseudo stem + 10%corn flour + The 72h dynamic gas production of 0.6%formic acid(JJ group)was used to obtain gas production parameters.The above four raw materials were used for nylon bag test to determine the degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF).The results showed that in the gas production test,the cumulative fermentation gas production was the highest in the JJ group at 72h,but the difference was not significant between the JJ group and the JY group(P>0.05).The theoretical maximum gas production a was 110.02 mL/g in the JJ group,109.18 mL/g in the JY group,and 94.92 mL/g higher than the JF group,and the lowest in the CK2 group 92.08 mL/g.In the nylon bag test,the degradation rate of NDF and the degradation rate of ADF in Ck2 group,JF group,JY group and JJ group were JJ>JY>JF>CK2 at 72 h.From the perspective of overall gas production and degradation rate,the utilization effect of banana pseudostem silage with different treatment methods was better than that of conventional pseudo stem silage,and the utilization value of 0.6%formic acid + 10%corn flour group was the highest.Trial 3 Effects of banana pseudostem silage fed with different additives on growth performance,nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation of goatsThis experiment was to investigated the effects of different treatments of banana pseudostem silage instead of 20%of Carex on rumen fermentation,in vivo digestion and growth performance of goats.Thirty-two Nubian black goats(22.64±1.82 kg)were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,FA group,CS group and SD group,with 8 replicates in each group.The control group of goats were fed with conventional banana pseudostem silage,the FA group was fed with 0.6%formic acid banana pseudostem silage test diet,the CS group was fed with 10%corn flour for banana pseudo-stem silage test diet,and the SD group was fed with SD group.A banana pseudostem silage test diet supplemented with 10%corn flour + 0.6%formic acid.The experimental adaptation period was 7 days,and the positive feeding period was 40 days.The rumen fluid was collected on the 1st,20th and 40th day of the positive feeding period.The results showed that:1)The final body weight and net weight gain of the SD group,CS group and FA group were higher than the control group,and the difference between the three groups was not significant(P>0.05).The daily weight gain of the control group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the average daily weight gain between the FA group and the CS group(P>0.05),while the weight-to-weight ratio of the control group was significantly higher than that of the other experimental groups.Sheep(P<0.05),and the average daily gain is negatively correlated with the feed-to-weight ratio:SD group>CS group>FA group>control group.2)The apparent digestibility of DM in SD group was significantly higher than that in control group and CS group(P<0.05),while the apparent digestibility of CP and EE was significantly higher than that in control group,FA group and CS group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of NDF between the groups(P>0.05).3)For the rumen fluid fermentation index at different time points,the pH of the control group and the FA group were significantly higher than those of the CS group and the SD group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the pH of the rumen fluid at other time points(P>0.05),the 20d and 40d control groups of ammonia nitrogen concentration were significantly higher than other experimental groups(P<0.05).The MCP concentration of SD group at different time points was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The TVFA concentration and propionic acid concentration were the highest in the SD group at each time point,and there was no significant difference between the FA group and the CS group(P>0.05).The acetic acid concentration was the highest in the control group at different time points,except for the 1st control group.The ratio of ethylene to propylene was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups(P<0.05).The order of ethylene-to-propylene ratio on the 20th day and the 40th day was control group>FA group>CS group>SD group.4)For the rumen microflora at different time points,the conventional silage of banana pseudostem was used as a control to analyze the effects of different silage experimental on the relative content of rumen microorganisms in goats at each time point.There was no significant difference in the relative content of Fungi in different treatment groups at different time points(P>0.05),while the relative content of protozoa was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental groups(P<0.05).The relative content of R.flavefaciens was significantly higher than that in the first days SD group.In the other groups(P<0.05),the control group was significantly higher than the other experimental groups on the 20th day and the 40th day(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the experimental groups of R.albus(P>0.05).The control group was improved.The relative content of F.succinogene and B.fibrisolvens was SD group>CS group>FA group>control group.