Study On Seed Dispersal And Germination Characteristics Of Armeniaca Vulgaris Lam.

Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.which belongs to rosaceae genus,is one of the important species in Xinjiang wild fruit forest.It has important value on ecology and economy.At present,there are some problems such as the difficulty of natural regeneration of wild apricot.In this paper,wild apricot of Daxigou in Huocheng County of Xinjiang was taken as the research object.Based on the research of wild apricot seed rain and soil seed bank dynamics,the remain state of seed on earth after dispersal,the seed dormancy and germination characteristics and seedling survival in the natural environment,the ecological characteristics of wild apricot seeds germination and seedling survival were made out,so as to provide important theoretical basis for revealing the natural regenerating characteristics of wild apricot.Through the experiments,it can be concluded as follows:1.The seed rain of wild apricot seeds started to spread at the end of June,and reached the spreading peak at the middle of July.The duration is about 30 days,and the average density of seed rain was 70.22 seeds/m~2,in which the proportion of viable seed was 60.45%;There were significant differences in the number of seeds scattering in different periods,and the number of viable seeds increased at first and decreased later;There were significant differences in the density of scattered seeds in different azimuth of the canopy,and the southeast was significantly higher than that in the northwest;The seeds mainly scattered within the 1-5m scope around the parent tree,accounting for 91.27%of the total number of seeds.2.According to the two soil seed bank surveys in March and June,it was found that the total number of wild apricot seeds in the second soil seed bank decreased,and the proportion of empty seeds in the total number of seeds also decreased,but the proportion of decay seeds increased,and the proportion of intact seeds and worm-eaten seeds showed no significant change;With the increase of altitude gradient,the total number of seeds in the seed bank and the number of seeds in each state showed the trend of increasing first and then descending,but the number of worm-eaten seeds changed slightly;The total number of seeds in the seed bank and in each state both exhibited significant differences in vertical distribution,and there were also remarkable differences among seeds in four states in the same soil layers;The wild apricot seeds were mainly distributed in the weeds and the litter layer,accounting for 61.26%of the total number in seed banks,and they accounted for 31.82%in the 0-2cm soil layer and about 6.92%in the 2-5cm soil layer,but they were not found in the 5-10cm soil layer;Natural germination surveys showed that the seedling emergence densities of wild apricot seeds were significantly higher in shady slopes than in sunny slopes,while the seedling survival density were higher in sunny slopes than in shady slopes.3.Water absorption occurred in the germination of wild apricot seeds,seed coat has the permeability;both storage method and storage time had significant influences on the seed germination,and storage method of cold stratification had the greatest influences;In addition,the germination rate of seeds increased gradually with the extension of storage time,and light and dark conditions had no remarkable effects on the seed germination;under the optimum temperature of 15/25?,the germination rates of seeds stored in indoor dry storage,low temperature dry storage,low temperature stratification and outdoor burial for 100 days were the highest,they were 11.11%,20.00%,91.11%and 48.89%respectively,and more than 98%of non-germinated seeds remained active.It is concluded that wild apricot seeds experience a period of non-deep physiological dormancy,and cold stratification,100 days storage at15/25?were the best storage method,storage and low temperature dry storage can be used as a longer-term preservation method,and cold stratification can be used as the best method for accelerating germination before sowing in spring;The cold stratification of seeds should be done at least 3 months before sowing,and the maximum stratification time should not exceed 130 days under the condition of keeping the moisture content,meanwhile the germination should be avoided in this process;The seedling emergence rate of three sowing modes presented as:ditching sowing>scattering sowing after tilling the soil>direct sowing before tilling the soil,The seedling rate of wild apricot seedlings in the ditching seeding way:sunny slopes>garden>shady slopes,and seedling survival rate garden>sunny slopes>shady slopes,indicating that wild apricot seeds must be sowed into the appropriate soil under germination conditions in the natural environment to realize the natural regeneration.