Study On The Comprehensive Effect Of Different Intercropping Green Manure In Ili Valley Apple Orchard

The research chose the apple orchard that was intercropped with Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.,Medicago sativa L.,Glycien mar Merr.,Friticum sativum Lam.as research object and soil nutrient content of green manure with different intercropping was analyzed and orchard microclimate was monitored which found the effect of intercropping green manure on the growth and development of fruit trees,yield and quality of fruit was significant.Economic benefits of the different intercropping green manure in orchard were evaluated in order to provide a reference for the new intercropping pattern in Ili area.(1)Content of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil was determined to analyze the effect of different intercropping green manure in the apple orchard on vertical distribution of soil mineral nutrition.It was found that the order which had a significant influence on mineral element content of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm,40-60 cm,60-80 cm and 80-100 cm soil layer was Medicago sativa L.,Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.,Medicago sativa L.,Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.,Friticum sativum Lam.Medicago sativa L.has a remarkable influence on organic matter and available nitrogen contents in 20-60 cm soil layer which was 15.85 g/kg,58.50 mg/kg.They were 1.74 times and 1.4 times higher than that treatments in clear tilling separately.(2)Microclimate characteristics of different phonological phase in the apple orchard were investigated and it found that the different intercropping green manure in orchard could influence the temperature,humidity and illuminance of the apple orchard effectively.The effect of different intercropping green manure on microclimate change of the fruit enlargement period in different phonological period was the most obvious.The order that was the impact of five meteorological factors from to large to small was humidity> temperature> illuminance> soil moisture> soil temperature.Based on the analysis of the meteorological factors of five microclimates,the ranking of the ability of small and low climate regulation of apple orchards was found Glycien mar Merr.> Medicago sativa L.> Friticum sativum Lam.> Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.> Clear Tilling.(3)According to the analysis of the growth potential,fruit quality and economic benefit of orchard trees,the research showed that the intercropping soybean of orchard could improve the comprehensive quality of fruit obvious especially the weight of per fruit and pigmentation degree.The growth quality,fruit quality and economic benefit of orchard trees in the intercropping alfalfa of orchard were the best.The quality of per fruit tree was 2.14 times higher than the treatments in the clear tilling of orchard and the economic benefit of per fruit tree was 2.46 times higher than the treatments in the clear tilling of orchard on average.The order of the economic benefit in all orchard intercropped with green manure from high to poor was Medicago sativa L.> Glycien mar Merr.> Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.> Friticum sativum Lam.> Clear Tilling.