| Biodiversity conservation is an important measure for building a beautiful China and promoting the harmony between man and nature.It is an important part of the ecological civilization construction in China to take urban green space construction as the carrier to strengthen the cultivation and conservation of urban biodiversity.Yuanye Park,which was founded by Meng Zhaozhen-a member of Chinese Academy of Engineering who has achieved the pinnacle of the landscape architectural industry,is a main venue of the 10th Garden Expo of Jiangsu Province.It is located on an island in Yunlu Lake.The planting areas and construction areas in Yuanye Park account for 75%and 2.1%of the total land areas separately.The construction of the Garden can be regarded as a typical case of urban biodiversity construction.There has been no scientific understanding of biodiversity conservation in Yuanye Park,which affects the development of biodiversity to a certain extent.To realize the scientific development of the Garden,this research analyzes(1)the floristic composition and genera composition of seed plants in the garden through literature collection and field investigation,and explores the similarity coefficient between Yuanye Park and other parks on this basis.(2)It calculates the Margalef index,Simpson's diversity index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of plant communities in Yuanye Park by using the quadrat method.In addition,the research studies the ornamental characteristics,seasonal aspects and health conditions of plants in Yuanye Park,and(3)summarizes the application status and characteristics of the various plants in the garden.The research results are as follows:(1)There are a total of 163 species of landscape plants in Yuanye Park,belonging to 117 genera and 66 families.The area harbors 5 species of gymnosperms that are subordinated to 4 genera and 4 families,and 158 species of angiosperms that are subordinated to 113 genera and 62 families.The seed plants in Yuanye Park show a scattered distribution of genera.To be specific,most of the plants belong to genera or subfamilies with no more than 5 species.Judging from the areal types,floras of the seed plants in Yuanye Park are mostly temperate and tropical in nature.Consequently,the floristic elements have the dual nature of temperate elements and tropical elements,which demonstrates the cross-adaptation of plants.Yuanye Park is significantly different from Laoshan National Forest Park of Nanjing,National Forest Park in Tianmu Mountain,Tiantongshan Forest Park of Zhejiang,Shaoguan National Forest Park and Longhuashan Forest Park in Hunan.It shows the highest similarity with the National Forest Park in Tianmu Mountain.In other words,plant configurations in the two areas are highly consistent.The lowest similarity coefficient(0.557)is recorded between Yuanye Park and Shaoguan National Forest Park.According to the surveys on the ornamental characteristics and seasonal aspects of plants in Yuanye Park,flowering plants contribute the most(66.46%)to the total plant species in the garden.Specifically,there are 32 species of shrubs and 53 species of herbs.The species numbers of red,white,yellow,violet and multi-colored flowering plants are 41,29,20,16 and 3 respectively.(2)The average species number,Margalef index,Simpson's diversity index and Shannon-Wiener index of plant communities in Yuanye Park are 43,4.9057,0.8590 and 1.3693 respectively.The diversity indexes do not necessarily follow the same rules.Specifically,the Margalef index is ranked from the largest to the smallest as Q1>Q5>Q2>Q4>Q3.The Simpson's diversity index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index are highly consistent in this regard:Q1>Q2>Q4>Q5>Q3.In addition,the species number differs greatly at different layers.The herb layer has the most abundant species while the shrub layer differs little from the arbor layer:shrub layer<arbor layer<herb layer.According to the diffusion coefficient Cx,the block index c and the negative binomial parameter k,Liriope muscari cv.Variegata enjoys the highest intensity of cluster distribution,followed by azaleas.The cluster distribution intensity of camphor trees is relatively low.Most plants in the garden bloom in April-June and flowering plants in autumn are mostly compositae plants.According to the statistic analysis of the health conditions of plants in the garden,most plants show high growth potentials.Due to the impacts of illumination,soil fertility and garden layout,however,a few plants have experienced poor health and even withered.(3)Some feasible suggestions are proposed to improve the application status of landscape plants in Yuanye Park.It is recommended to increase the application rate of aquatic plants,flower ornamentals and fruit ornamentals,and reduce the application of repeated plants.In addition,it is advised to enrich the species of winter plants,improve the utilization of plant resources,strengthen the supervision over plant health and perform timely maintenance. |
PDF Full Text Request