| Cotton is the importance economic crop in China,the production was reduced by cotton aphids,thrips,Verticillium and Fusarium wilt.Since chemical pesticide could lead to pesticide resistance increasing,environmental contamination and the prolongation of resistance cultivation,agricultural control and biological control are getting more and more attention.In this study,the plant growth promotion product—Xinzhuangtai was tested to evaluate the effect on cotton aphids,thrips,Verticillium,Fusarium wilt and soil microbe,which provided the comprehensive control management against cotton diseases and pests.The main results are as following:1.The control efficiency of Xinzhuangtai 25×agasint Aphids were 29.21%and 61.93%at the related pest peak period.The number of trips was reduced by Xinzhuangtai 50×attrips peak period,and the control efficiency was 11.65%.The eggs of Helicoverpa armigera was obviously decreased by Xinzhuangtai 25×and Xinzhuangtai50×.Xinzhuangtai 400×could increase the number of ladybug and promote the production of eggs of Chrysopa.Xinzhuangtai 25×significantly induced the expression of PPO and POD with 8.01 and 9.66 increasing at most.2.In greenhouse,the Xinzhuangtai 200×was sprayed on cotton leaves,which lead to 64.89%disease control to Verticillium wilt.1.25%Xinzhuangtai treated with cotton roots showed higher control efficiency with 78.01%.In field,control efficiency of 120 L/hm~2 and 25×with dipping and spraying showed 31.80%and 27.00%,respectively.Further study exhibited significant inhibition of mycelia growth,spore yield,spore and microsclerotia germination with 100.00%,100.00%,92.96%,100.00%,respectively.The volatile substance could lead to mycelia deformity and fracture.Besides,Xinzhuangtai could promote the expression levels of resistance defense related genes including POD,CHI,?-1,3-glucanase and PPO by qPCR.3.In cotton Fusarium wilt nursery,Xinzhuangtai 200×was sprayed for 5 times,the control efficiency showed 68.80%.In greenhouse,1.75%Xinzhuangtai was dipping for 5 times,the control efficiency showed64.40%.The cotton seeds soaked with Xinzhuangtai 200×and 400×could significantly increase seedling rate and biomass.Confrontation experiment showed that Xinzhuangtai could significantly inhibit the mycelia growth and spore germination.At the concentration of 10.00%,the inhibition rate were 100.00%and 93.10%.However,there was no effect on spore production at concentration of 1.00%~8.00%.4.In field,dipping method could increase the single boll weight,seed yield and fiber length to some extent,but not significantly.Spraying with Xinzhuangtai 25×and 50×could significantly increase the fiber uniformity index with 86.90 and 86.60.5.The community structure of soil fungi and bacteria was changed by 120 L/hm~2 Xinzhuangtai dipping for a long time.There is no Verticillium dahaliae and Fusarium sp.by ITS sequencing,but control had 86and 30 cfu,respectively.Meanwhile,the number of Ascomycetes was significantly reduced in the soil with Xinzhuangtai.Xinzhuangtai obviously increased the number of Bacillus spp.and Psuedomonas spp.by 16S rDNA sequencing.In summary,Xinzhuangtai showed significantly control effect on cotton aphids,thrips,Verticillium and Fusarium wilt.The main mechanism were the inhibition of pathogens,improvement of host resistance against pests and diseases,and increasing the number of biological microbe.It could also increase cotton product and improve fiber quality.On the other hand,the number of trips and cotton aphids exhibited increasing trend with in appropriate concentration of Xinzhuangtai.This study provides scientific support to reasonable use of Xinzhuangtai and further research. |
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