| Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different cutting stage of Amaranthus hypochondriacus on hay and silage quality,as well as the rumen degradation characteristics.Research was conducted to study the supplement of the different stage of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage on the ruminal fermentation,nutrient digestibility,blood indexes and production performance,when exploring the suitable proportion of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage in the diets of dairy cows,and provide the scientific theoretical basis for the rational utilization and popularization of the Amaranthus hypochondriacus in the dairy industry.The first experiment:?1?Four kinds of cutting stage of Amaranthus hypochondriacus its hay and silage,to analysis the nutrient composition and rumen degradation rate in squaring period,initial bloom stage,full-bloom stage and mature stage.This experiment also analysed the fermentation quality of Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage.The results showed that:1)With the growing period prolong of the Amaranthus hypochondriacus the contents neutral detergent fibre?NDF?and acid detergent fibre?ADF?were gradually increased,However,the content of crude protein?CP?and the relative feed value?RFV?were decreased.2)Compared with other stages'silage,the content of lactic acid in mature stage significantly increased?P<0.05?.The NH3-N/TN of mature stage was significantly lower than squaring period?P<0.05?.3)With growing period prolong,the contents of NDF and ADF gradually increased,and the RFV and the contents of CP gradually decreased.The starch?Starch?concentration content in the mature stage silage were significantly higher than the initial flowering stage?P<0.05?.?2?This experiment was conducted to determine the rumen degradation characteristics of 8 differens cutting periods:4 kinds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay?different cutting stage?,4 kinds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage?different cutting stage?take its out at 4?8?16?24?36?48and72 h,start its in rumen.Four Holstein cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were used;With Nylon-bag technique to evaluate the ruminal degradability and effective digestibility of DM,CP,NDF and ADF.The results showed that:1)Mature Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage DM rumem effective degradation rate is significantly higher than the initial bloom stage,full-bloom stage and mature stage of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay?P<0.05?;2)Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage at 72 h of CP rumen degradation rate is between 76.76%86.02%,effective degradation rate is slightly lower than mature stage on numerical of Amaranthus hypochondriacus the slow degradation part of full-bloom stage silage CP is significantly higher than mature stage silage?P<0.05?;3)Mature stage of hypochondriacus L.hay NDF degradation rate was significantly lower than 72 h maturation of silage NDF degradation rate?P<0.05?,NDF effective degradation rate of poor squaring period of silage is significantly higher than the squaring period of the hay and significantly higher than other periods?P>0.05?;4)At 72 h the squaring period of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage ADF degradation rate is significantly higher than other period of?P<0.05?.Compared to different growth period of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage,DM,CP,NDF and ADF rumen degradation rate are generally higher than those of hay rumen degradation parametric of silage;The second experiment:This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage and hay on ruminal fermentation,nutrient digestibility and performance of dairy cows.Forty-five healthy Chinese Holstein lactating dairy cows were randomly assigned into 3 groups with15 cows in each group by milk yield,parity and days in milk.Roughages in control group?CG?were whole corn silage,Chinese wildrye and alfalfa hay,those in trial group??G1?were Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage,whole corn silage,Chinese wildrye and alfalfa hay,those in trial group??G2?were Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay,whole corn silage and alfalfa hay.Nutrient levels of the three diets were close.The adaption-period lasted for 10 days,and the experiment period lasted for 60 days.The results showed that:1)compared with CG,the apparent digestibility of crude protein,the content of ammonia nitrogen and total amino acid?T-AA?in trial G1 were significantly increased?P<0.05?.The other nutrient digestibility,blood indicators and milk composition had no significant differences?P>0.05?.The benefit per cow per day improved 2.70 yuan.2)Compared with CG,the content of T-AA in blood in trial G2 were significantly increased?P<0.05?.The milk was slightly increased?0.05<P<0.1?.The other blood indicators,ruminal fermentation indicators,nutrient digestibility and milk composition had no significant differences?P>0.05?.The benefit per cow per day improved 2.31 yuan.In conclusion,cutting mature stage Amaranthus hypochondriacus to make silage is the best,Amaranthus hypochondriacus by making silage can save the nutrition composition of silage,and reduce the nutriment losses,and it also can improve the rumen degradation of nutrition composition.Partial replacement of whole corn silage with Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage and partial replacement of alfalfa hay with Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay in diets can bring in better economic benefit without influencing cows performance. |
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