| In the soilless cultivation of Chinese solar greenhouses,the supply of water and fertilizer can have an important effect on the growth of tomato.In order to further improve the current situation of water and fertilizer irrigation in tomato cultivation,this study designed irrigation modes controlled by substrate moisture content and cumulative radiation,respectively.It researched on the different irrigation amount effect of growth,water and fertilizer utilization in tomato flowering and fruiting stage.Besides,this research can also provide the scientific basis for tomato efficient production in Chinese solar greenhouse.?1?Under the condition of substrate flowerpot cultivation,the experiment adopted nutrient solution drip irrigation.The tomato"harvest"hybrid was used as the test variety.There were two types of irrigation modes:conventional interval irrigation?hereinafter referred to as"conventional irrigation",CK?and irrigation controlled by substrate moisture content?treatment T1?T2 and T3?.The following results and conclusions were obtained:? Compared with treatment CK,the amounts of nutrient solution irrigation for treatment T1,T2and T3 decreased by 27.2%,39.2%and 31.4%,respectively.The substrate moisture content of treatment T1,T2 and T3 fluctuated in 30%,20%and 40%,respectively during flowering stage,and fluctuated in35%,25%and 45%during fruit-set stage.? Irrigation controlled by substrate moisture content was consistent with tomato's demand for water and fertilizer,which promoted the tomato vegetative growth and reproductive growth of during flowering and fruiting period,but had no significant effect on the dry matter content of the plant.? The irrigation controlled by substrate moisture content had no significant effect on tomato yield,The yield of treatment T1 was the highest,reaching 67.2 t·hm-2.The suitable irrigation amount controlled by substrate moisture content can significantly improve irrigation water use efficiency,treatment T1 and T3 were significantly higher than treatment CK,and there was no significant difference between treatment T2 and CK.Treatment T1 had the highest irrigation water use efficiency,reaching 44.2 kg·m-3.?2?Under the condition of soil ridge substrate-embedded cultivation method,the irrigation mode controlled by cumulative radiation?treatment T1,T2 and T3,as low,medium and high irrigation amounts respectively?was divided into two experiments of autumn and spring tomato.The tomato"harvest"hybrid and"fentaro"were used as the test varieties.The following results and conclusions were obtained:? Compared with treatment CK,the irrigation amounts of treatment T1,T2 and T3 for autumn tomato decreased by 39.3%,30.3%and 14.0%,respectively.The irrigation amount for spring tomato decreased by 24.9%,18.9%and 1.5%,respectively.? Irrigation controlled by cumulative radiation was better for tomato vegetative and reproductive growth and significantly improve tomato biomass.Compared with treatment CK,the tomato biomasses of treatment T1,T2 and T3 had increased by 57.1%,75.3%and 32.7%.? Under the control of cumulative radiation,the supply of water and fertilizer had matched the demand of autumn tomato.Sunny day was more than cloudy day and that noon was more than morning and afternoon.Compared with the treatment CK,the drainage rate of treatment T3 had reduced by 62.5%and 72.6%respectively on sunny and cloudy day and treatment T1 and T2 had no drainage.? Under the control of cumulative radiation,The tomato yield and irrigation water use efficiency had significantly increased by the suitable irrigation amount.Compared with treatment CK,the yield of treatment T2 for autumn and spring tomato had increased by 14.2%and 16.8%,respectively,and irrigation water use efficiency had increased by 34.1%and 32.4%,respectively.?3?The irrigation controlled by cumulative radiation had reduced the amount of water and fertilizer,and improved irrigation water use efficiency.Compared with treatment T1 controlled by substrate moisture content,treatment T2 controlled by cumulative radiation had reduced the irrigation amount for autumn tomato by 48.5%and reduced the yield by 8.7%,but improved the irrigation water use efficiency by 25.3%.In conclusion,under the condition of soil ridge substrate-embedded cultivation method in Chinese solar greenhouse,the irrigation mode controlled by cumulative radiation was reasonable for the flowering and fruiting period of tomato. |
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