The Research And Development Of New Biochar NPK Fertilizers And Its Effect Test

In recent years,the processing and utilization of straw in agricultural production has become the focus of attention.Biochar is a kind of stable organic matter with organic porous material,which is composed of aromatic hydrocarbon,which is alkaline,and has nano-pore structure obtained by pyrolysis under the condition of anaerobic or limited oxygen,such as crop straw and other agricultural wastes.,Has been widely used in soil acidification improvement,heavy metal pollution control,water,pollution adsorption and so on.The combination of biochar and chemical fertilizers can improve the soil moisture conservation ability,promote the formation of soil aggregates,enhance soil heat tolerance,improve acid soil pH,increase soil cation exchange capacity,promote soil microbial activity and metabolism,increase crop Yield.However,the current use of biochar has a large amount of application,high cost and other aspects of the restrictions.The use of biochar adsorption characteristics,biochar as the carrier,combined with chemical fertilizers made of granular biomass base fertilizer,not only to extend the nutrient supply time of nutrients to improve nutrient utilization,but also play a biochar Improved soil properties.This will further improve the recycling of straw biomass,but also to continuously improve soil fertility,and further promote the sustainable development of agriculture.In this study,several kinds of biochar based fertilizers were prepared and analyzed by using biochar and conventional chemical fertilizers.The production process was explored for large scale Factory production to provide a certain reference and basis.At the same time,the:pot experiment of wheat and Chinese cabbage was carried out by using the produced biochar base fertilizer.Compared with ordinary compound fertilizer,the effect of biochar base fertilizer on the growth of crops was studied in the case of reducing the use of chemical fertilizer.The main results are as follows:(1)Compared with the disc granulation production mode,the drum granulation method is more suitable for the production of carbon-based fertilizer,the production efficiency is higher;the carbon-based fertilizer particle formation effect and the moisture content,when the water content is 15%-25%The results show that the hardness of the organic carbon-based fertilizer is enhanced with the increase of the particle size.When the particle size is controlled at 3-5mm,the hardness of the particles is more suitable,which is more convenient for the storage,transportation and smooth application of the fertilizer.With the different production process,the hardness of the fertilizer particles there are some differences,the drum granulation to produce fertilizer particles hardness between 15N-25N,compared with the disc granulation of carbon-based fertilizer hardness increased by about 7%,so The use of roller granulation of the production method is more appropriate;comparison of liquid urea,bentonite,starch,kaolin,sodium silicate,ammonium bicarbonate and other adhesive bonding effect found that the use of ammonium bicarbonate and bentonite as a binder,the dissolution time of 20 minutes,not only can increase Fertilizers in the mineral elements of the species,and can be appropriate to extend the carbon-based fertilizer particles dissolved time to enhance the carbon-based fertilizer nutrient sustained-release effect,carbon-based fertilizer in the water-soluble phosphorus accounted for 70%;carbon-based fertilizer production and compound fertilizer production way is the same,and no additional additives can make the slow release of nutrients in this case,simply rely on the adsorption characteristics of carbon-based fertilizer can make nutrient nutrients to a certain extent,the effect of nutrient release,not only economic,And environmental protection.(2)Wheat pot experiment showed that the application of biochar base fertilizer could significantly increase soil organic matter content,available phosphorus content and available potassium content,and had no significant effect on soil total nitrogen content compared with the treatment of common compound fertilizer.Compared with the treatment of common compound fertilizer,the application of biochar base fertilizer had no significant effect on the total nitrogen content of wheat plants,but the total phosphorus content was significantly improved.Compared with the change of total phosphorus content,the total potassium content of wheat plants with biochar base fertilizer was significantly decreased.Compared with the treatment of common compound fertilizer,the application of biochar base fertilizer in wheat plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content And there is no obvious difference.(3)The pot experiment of Chinese cabbage showed that the use of biochar base fertilizer could improve the quality of Chinese cabbage to a certain extent,especially on the improvement of soluble sugar,which indicated that the biochar base fertilizer could provide the soluble protein Synthetic mineral nutrient and physiological activity conditions.Biochar fertilizer has a good effect in improving the quality of Chinese cabbage,but to reduce the nitrate content should not increase the nitrogen content of fertilizer,to maintain the proportion of carbon base fertilizer nutrient 15-15-10,can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers,But also to a certain extent improve the quality of cabbage.