Effects Of Sowing Date And Cutting Period On Yield And Quality Of Different Oat Varieties

In order to investigate the best sowing date and cutting period of spring sowing and replanting oats under the “Planting biannually in one year” in the western region of Heilongjiang Province,the experiments were conducted with hulled oat variety Baiyan 7 and naked oat variety Baiyan 2 as the experimental materials.Both spring sowing and multiple cropping were arranged by six sowing periods,respectively.The correlation between meteorological factors and growth of oats under different sowing dates was analyzed.The effects of different sowing dates on the growth process,grain yield and quality of oats were studied.The results are as follows:1.The growth stages of oats are affected by different meteorological factors.The growth of oats from the sowing to the three-leaf stage,rainfall is the main influence factor;from the three-leaf stage to the heading stage,the growth of oats is mainly affected by the accumulated temperature(?0°C)and the sunshine duration;from the heading stage to the maturity stage,the growth of oats is mainly affected by rainfall and sunshine duration.2.The growth process of spring oats before and after heading(vegetative growth and reproductive growth stage)in different sowing dates showed acceleration with the delay of sowing date.The number of growing days of multi-cropped oats gradually increased with the delay of sowing date.The time spent on vegetative growth increased,and the proportion of vegetative growth in the sowing date accounted for 38.04%,39.78%,and 40%,respectively.3.The plant height of two varieties of oats in each period showed an increasing trend with the delay of sowing date and there was significant difference(P<0.05).Due to the difference of varieties,the tiller number of oats in different varieties showed different performances at jointing stage,heading stage and maturity stage.The number of tillers of oats showed a trend of decreasing firstly and then increasing with the delay of sowing date,and was processed in the sixth sowing date(May 18th).The number of naked oat reached the maximum in the third sowing date(April 27th).4.Spring oat can be harvested around April 13 th to gain larger grain yield: 4924.43 kg/ha,while its protein content is also higher,crude protein content is 13.07%;spring naked oat can be harvested around April 27 th to gain larger grain yield: 2175.57 kg/ha and crude protein content 15.91%.The seeding date of the two varieties of oats was able to harvest larger grain yields around June 17 th,and the quality was high also.The yield reached: 4634 kg/ha,1989.05 kg/ha,and the crude protein content was 11.75%,16.10%.5.Spring oat was sown around May 4th,and the forage yield and nutritional value of the 21 st day after flowering were better than other sowing dates.The fresh grass yield was 36482.2 kg/ha,dry grass yield was 14555.6 kg/ha,crude protein content reached 11.68%.Spring naked oat was sown around April 27 th,and the forage was harvested on the 28 th day after flowering.The yield of fresh grass was 32091.8 kg/ha,the yield of dry grass yield was 11990.5 kg/ha,and the crude protein content was 11.88%.6.The multiple oat was sown around June 23 rd,and the best on the 28 th day after flowering,the fresh grass yield was 41329.3 kg/ha,the dry grass yield was 15521.2 kg/ha,and the crude protein content was 9%.The multiple-cropped naked oat was sown around June 29 th,and the forage was harvested on the 21 st day after flowering.The comprehensive evaluation was high,the fresh grass yield was 43363.2 kg/ha,the dry grass yield was 16466.5 kg/ha,and the crude protein content was 8.73%.7.There are three planting schemes for spring oats and multiple planting date combinations in the western of Heilongjiang Province:Spring oat of Baiyan 7 was planted around April 13 th and harvested at the 7th day after flowering(June 18th);the sowing date of the multiple-cropped oat Baiyan 7 was planted around June 23 rd,and the forage was harvested around the 28 th day after flowering.Spring oat of Baiyan 7 was planted around April 13 th and harvested at the 14 th day after flowering(June 25th);the sowing date of the multiple-cropped oat Baiyan 2 was planted around June 29 th,and the forage was harvested around the 21 st day after flowering.Spring oat Baiyan 7 was planted around April 13 th,and harvested at the flowering stage(June 11th);multiple oat Baiyan 7 or Baiyan 2 was planted around June 17 th.