The Analysis Of Nutrients Status In Soil And Leaf Of The Main Orchard In Yellow River Basin Area

In China’s deciduous fruit trees,pear cultivation area and yield are second only after apples.Among them,Yellow River Valley pear cultivation area is larger.The soil nutrient status and nutrient status of pear orchard are the important factors that affect the growth,yield and quality of pear trees.Knowing the soil nutrient content and leaf nutrient content has important significance on the sustainable development of Chinese pear industry.National pear industry technical system in the Yelllow River Basin area has a total of five test stations,respectively,Lanzhou Experimental Station in Gansu Province,Yangling Experimental Station in Shaanxi Province,Taigu Experimental Station in Shanxi Province,Zhengzhou Experimental Station in Henan Province,Tai’an Experimental Station in Shandong Province,collecting soil and leaf samples of these Demonstration and made the determination,we found that:(1)In addition to Tai’an Experimental Station,20%of the pear orchard soil pH was less than 5.5,the other pear orchard soil pH in the the Yellow River basin was between 6.62 and 7.82.More than 90%of the pear orchard organic matter content was less than 20g·kg-1,of which 24%of the pear soil organic matter content less than 10g·kg-1,which belongs to the lack of state.Only 9%pear orchard organic matter content of the region exceed 20g·kg-1,Tai’an and Lanzhou Experimental Station,respectively,20%and 16%of the pear orchards are more than 20g·kg-1,Yangling Experimental Station also has 6%,while Taigu and Zhengzhou Experimental Station pear orchard soil organic matter content was less than 20g·kg-1.(2)The Yellow River basin area almost all pear orchards soil nitrogen content was lower than 100mg·kg-1,and the overall was low.The pear of soil available phosphorus content lower than that of 15mg·kg-1 and higher than 40mg·kg-1 is 18%,respectively.The pear of soil available potassium content lower than that of 100mg·kg-1 and higher than 200mg·kg-1 accounted for 17%and 42%,among them,the soil available phosphorus content was higher than 40mg·kg-1 in Yangling Experimental Station and Tai’an Experimental Station respectively 87%and 78%,and the soil available potassium content is higher than 200mg·kg-1 in Yangling Experimental Station,up to 94%.Soil available phosphorus and available potassium enrichment were obvious.The soil available potassium content in some pear farms in Zhengzhou and Taigu Experimental Station respectively 46%and 22%is less than 100mg·kg-1,there may be a risk of insufficient potassium supply,and the other three Experimental Station have little or no.(3)The main pear orchards soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents of Yellow River basin area were all higher.the average values were as high as 3073mg·kg-1 and 220mg·kg-1,respectively.75%of pear soil available iron content is lower than 10mg·kg-1.About 50%of pear soil available manganese content is less than that of 10mg·kg-1,about 30%of pear soil available copper and zinc content is lower than 1mg·kg-1,42%of the pear soil available boron content is less than 0.5mg·kg-1.Among them,Taigu Experimental Station and Yangling Experimental Station,almost all the pear orchards soil available iron content is less than 10mg·kg-1.Tai’an,Zhengzhou and Lanzhou Experimental Station have pear orchards soil available iron conten of 50-70%is less than 10mg·kg-1.of which the pear orchards of 60%-80%in Tai’an,Zhengzhou and Taigu Experimental Station,Taigu and Zhengzhou Experimental Station,the soil effective copper content is lower than that of 1mg·kg-1 are 71%and 23%,respectively.Most pear of Yangling,Zhengzhou and Tai’an Experimental Station soil effective zinc content is in the range of 1-4mg·kg-1,but about 50-60%of the pear orchards in Taigu and Lanzhou are less than 1 mg·kg-1 and there is a risk of zinc deficiency..In addition to the lower content of available boron in the part of pear orchards in Taigu,Zhengzhou and Tai’an Experimental Station,nearly 60%of the pear orchards available boron content is more than 0.5mg·kg-1.(4)In the Yellow River Valley,the content of nitrogen in pear leaves was only 35%at the proper value.In Lanzhou,Taigu and Yangling Experimental Station,the pear orchards of exceeding the suitable range were 70%,59%and 56%respectively,and there was a phenomenon of excessive nitrogen.The pear of low than the appropriate range in Tai’an and Zhengzhou Experimental Station are respectively,58%and 31%.The content of phosphorus in the pear leaves was basically stable at 1.2-2.5g·kg-1,and less more than 2.5g·kg-1 and the pear orchards percent of less than 1.2g·kg-1 is 18%.Most of pear orchards leaf potassium content are in a suitable range(10-20g·kg-1),the pear of beyond the appropriate value is less,and the pear of lower than the optimum range is 21%.of which Lanzhou in the appropriate range of pear orchards as high as 98%,Zhengzhou and Taigu Experimental Station reached 80%and 76%respectively.(5)Most of the pear leaves calcium content was in the appropriate range(10-25g·kg-1),and the pear of less than and beyond the appropriate value were less.93%of the pear orchards leaves magnesium content was in the appropriate range,less than the appropriate value of the pear orchards were less,not beyond the appropriate value.all the pear orchards leaves magnesium content in Yangling and Tai’an Experimental Station were in the appropriate range.In Taigu,Lanzhou and Zhengzhou Experimental Station,there are 97%,94%and 77%in the proper range of pear orchards respectively.(6)except 22%of the pear orchards in Zhengzhou Experimental Station,the content of iron in leaves was within the proper range,and most of the other four Station were in the proper range.The manganese content in the leaves of the pear orchards around 50%in the region was in the appropriate range.In Zhengzhou,Taigu,Yangling and Tai’an,the manganese content in the pear leaves of 50%-60%was lower than and beyond the appropriate range.40%of the pear orchards in Lanzhou Experimental Station were less or higher the appropriate range.The content of copper in the leaves of 97%pear orchards was in the suitable range,only 3%was lower than the suitable value.About 30%of the pear orchards leaves zinc content in this area were in the suitable range,the others were below the suitable value,risk of zinc deficiency is greaterIn this paper,the content of soil organic matter in the main pear of the Yellow River basin is low,the available phosphorus and potassium are enriched and the content of soil trace elements is low.The leaf nitrogen has excessive phenomenon,Phosphorus,calcium,magnesium,copper content is more appropriate,Trace elements iron,manganese,zinc deficiency is higher risk.