Analysis On The Growth Characteristics And Yield Components Of Super High Yielding Rice In Cold Region

Rice is one of the main food crops in China,and more than 65% of the population in China feed on rice.As China's population continues to increase and the area of cultivated land is decreasing,how to produce more rice on a limited land to meet people's needs is an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,it is the only way to make rice production from high yield to super high yield,and it is also the main direction of many research scholars.Heilongjiang Province is located in the cold land.The low temperature,slow growth,short tillering time,and short filling time in late growth stage are important limiting factors for further increase of rice yield in Heilongjiang Province,and also different from the ecological area of the Yangtze River Basin.Environmental characteristics.Therefore,it is of great strategic significance to study the key technologies of rice high-yield in Heilongjiang Province to further increase rice yield and total yield and increase farmers' income.In-depth study of the growth characteristics and yield components of super-high-yield rice in cold regions has important theoretical and practical guiding significance for the establishment of super high-yield cultivation techniques for cold rice.To this end,this study selected high-yield varieties of japonica rice with different plant types in cold regions,and compared the effects of different plant types and seedling types and cultivation densities on growth and yield components of different plant types in cold regions through field plot experiments.To provide a theoretical basis for the identification of the amount of spikelets per unit area required for super high yield of cold rice and the key technical measures for super high yielding rice in cold regions.Research indicates:The SPAD values of the functional leaves of the carcass seedlings in the early stage of growth or the late growth stage were higher than those in the carpet seedlings.The carcass seedlings maintained strong root activity and nutrient absorption at the late growth stage,and maintained high leaf chlorophyll content.The early growth rate of carcass seedlings was faster than that of carpet seedlings;the yield per mu of seedlings and carpet seedlings was 826.9 kg and 740.5 kg,respectively.The yield of carcass seedlings was significantly higher than that of carpet seedlings.The number of panicles and 1000-grain weight were less than those of carpet-like seedlings,but the number of grains per panicle,seed setting rate,grain weight per plant,grain-grass ratio,etc.were higher than those of carpet-like seedlings.Appropriate increase in grain number and seed setting rate were more conducive to super high yield.There were significant differences in yield between different plant types of japonica rice in coldland,and the variation range of yield per mu was 638.5-979.0 kg.The density of interplanting in different types of plant varieties was different.The number of spikes per panicle was significantly reduced,but the number of panicles per panicle and the grain weight per plant were significantly lower.Significantly higher than the insertion of 4 seedlings,in most varieties,reducing the density of transplanting in the hole is more conducive to obtaining super high yield,that is,the ear-severe variety is more conducive to achieving super high yield in the cold.The number of primary branches treated with double transplanting,the number of primary stems and the weight of one branch was higher than that of single planting,while the number of secondary branches and the weight of secondary branches were lower than that of dense planting.The yield of single treatment was higher than that of double treatment,and the target yield of800 kg per mu could be reached or close to that of close planting,and the yield of double seedlings did not reach the target yield.Close planting of single seedlings is more conducive to obtaining super high yield,promoting the growth and development of the individual by increasing the density inside the hole,and expanding the storage capacity of the individual,and at the same time ensuring the excellent population required for super high yield by increasing the number of holes per unit area.The number of spikelets required for super high yielding of rice in cold regions.The content of amylose and protein in single treatment was higher than that in double treatment.The taste value of double treatment was higher than that of single treatment.The cooking quality of double root transplanting was better than that of dense planting.