| Selenium is the main component of selenoprotein,it plays an important role in animal growth and development,immunity,anti-oxidation,etc.Selenium has been recognized as one of the essential trace elements in animals.At present,sodium selenite,a selenium source widely used in feed,has many problems,such as low absorption rate,peroxidation and potential pollution,while organic selenium has high bioactivity and utilization rate,and it does not produce peroxide.Thus organic selenium has aroused people's attention gradually.The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary selenium sources and levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,organ index,serum biochemical index,tibial growth,meat quality,antioxidant indexes,content of VE and tissue trace elements in 29-70-day-old geese.It provides reference for the application of organic selenium in goose production.300 28-day-old Jiangnan white male geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 repeats in each group and 10 in each repeat.A 2(selenium source)×3(selenium level)double-factor randomized trial design was used.Group A,B and C added 0.20,0.30,0.40 mg/kg selenium methionine(SM,based on selenium)into basal dietrespectively,GroupD,E and F added 0.20,0.30,0.40 mg/kg sodium selenite(SS,based on selenium)into basal dietrespectively.The experimental lasted for 42 d.The results indicated that:1.Effects of different selenium sources and levels on the growth performance and tibia development of geese:(1)Different selenium sources and levels had no significant effect on the growth performance,slaughtering performance and organ index of 29-70-day-old geese(P>0.05),and there is no significant interaction effect(P>0.05)(2)Different selenium sources and levels had no significant effect on serum protein and albumin-to-globular ratio in goose(P>0.05).The content of serum ALT in SM-treated goose was significantly higher than that in SS-treated geese,and the content of serum AST,GGT,AST/ALT in SM-treated goose was significantly lower than that in SS-treated goose(P<0.01).(3)Different selenium sources and levels had no significant effect on content of serum Ca,P(P>0.05).Different selenium sources had no significant effect on ash and phosphorus contents of tibia(P>0.05).The content of tibial calcium and the tibial strength of the SM-treated goose were significantly higher than that of the SS treated goose(P<0.05)2.Effects of different selenium sources and levels on the antioxidant properties and trace element content of geese(1)The water loss rate of SS-treated groups were significantly higher than that of SM-treated groups(P<0.01),and the pH24h of pectoral muscle in SM-treated group was significantly higher than that in SS-treated group(P<0.05).There were no significant effects on the shear force,pH24h,pH45min and meat color value of geese breast muscle with different selenium sources and selenium levels(P>0.05).(2)The activity of GSH-Px,CAT,SOD and T-AOC in liver and plasma of goose treated with SM were significantly higher than those treated with SS(P<0.05).The contents of MDA in liver and plasma were significantly lower than those treated with SS(P<0.01);Different selenium levels had no significant effect on GSH-Px and SOD activity,T-AOC and MDA content in liver and plasma(P>0.05),but the plasma CAT activity increased significantly with the increase of selenium level(P<0.05).The interaction between selenium source and selenium level had no significant effect on liver and plasma antioxidant index(P>0.05)(3)The content of VE in SM-treated group was significantly higher than that in SS-treated group(P<0.01),and increased with the increase of selenium level.There was no significant difference in VE content between 0.3 mg/kg treatment group and 0.4 mg/kg treatment group(P>0.05).(4)Selenium deposition in liver,muscle and tibia of geese treated with SM was significantly higher than that treated with SS(P<0.01),and the selenium deposition in liver and muscle of geese treated with SM increased significantly with the increase of selenium level(P<0.01).However,selenium level had no significant effect on selenium deposition in muscle and tibia of geese treated with SS(P>0.05).The copper content in liver and muscle of goose treated with SM was significantly lower than that treated with SS(P<0.01),and there was no significant effect of different selenium sources on copper content in tibia(P>0.05).Different selenium levels had no significant effect on copper content in liver and muscle(P>0.05).The effect of different selenium levels on copper content in tibia was significantly different(P<0.01).Different selenium sources and levels had no significant effect on zinc content in liver,muscle and tibia(P>0.05),but the zinc content in leg muscle of SM-treated goose was significantly higher than that of SS-treated goose(P<0.01).The iron content in liver of SM-treated goose was significantly higher than that of SS-treated goose(P<0.05),and no significant effect in different selenium sources on the iron content in the tibia(P>0.05).Different selenium levels had no significant effect on iron content in liver and tibia,and there was no significant interaction between selenium source and selenium level(P>0.05).The results showed that the organic selenium had no significant effect on the growth performance of geese,but it could promote the tibia growth,reduce the damage to the liver and improve the anti-oxidation ability of the body,when the selenium level was 0.20?0.40 mg/kg,and the organic selenium had no significant effect on the growth performance of geese.The effects of improving meat quality and maintaining the balance of trace elements were remarkable,and the effect of adding 0.30?0.40 mg/kg inorganic selenium can be achieved by adding 0.20 mg/kg organic selenium,so low dose organic selenium can be considered in corn and soybean meal diet for geese diet instead of inorganic selenium. |
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