| Rice stomata are specialized epidermal cells and play a crucial role in regulating photosynthesis,transpiration and water use in plants.Stomatal density and size can directly affect crop yield and play an important role in plant responses to environmental conditions,such as heat stress and drought stress and so on.However,the genetic base of rice stomata related traits still remains unknown.In this study,we conducted GWAS to detect quantitative trait loci（QTL）associated with six stomatal density and size related traits using 451genotypes with similar heading date from the 3K RGP.Haplotype analysis was performed to identify candidate genes for important QTL.The main results were as follows:1.In the study,451 panel demonstrated substantial variations for all traits in both environments.The stomatal density in abaxial（lower）leaf surfaces of indica（averaged 78.24NO./mm2 in Sanya and 70.94 NO./mm2 in Beijing,respectively）exhibited significantly more than those of japonica（averaged 67.73 NO./mm2 in Sanya and 64.66 NO./mm2 in Beijing,respectively）.Phenotypic correlations analysis showed significantly positive correlations in stomatal density and size were observed between the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces.The stomatal density had strong negative correlation with the stomatal size in abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces.2.In total,47 quantitative trait loci/locus（QTL）influencing the six stomatal density and size related traits were detected throughout GWAS using mixed linear model by declaring significance threshold of P<1.0×10-4.5.Of these,10 QTL were consistently identified in two different environments.3.We conducted haplotype analysis of 6 QTL（qADSD1、qADSD2.1、qADSD2.2、qADSD4、qADSD6、qADSW7.1）consistently detected in two different environments.Based on haplotype analysis and bioinformatics analysis,results 7 candidate genes were speculated.These results provided superior gene/allele with independent/own intellectual property for high-yield and high-resistance rice breeding by marker-assisted selection.And these results also provided a theoretical basis for future functional characterization controlling stomatal related traits in rice. |
