| In order to investigate the effects of rhizosphere different aeration volume,aeration methods and aeration intervals on the growth,nutrient absorption and yield and quality of oriental melon,this test uses the oriental melon ‘Yumeiren' as the test material.Through three different rhizosphere aeration tests,respectively,test I: different aeration volume treatments h:20 L·min-1,a: 40 L·min-1;test II: different aeration method treatments s: single side aeration,d: double sides aeration;test III: Different aeration intervals Fd:aeration at intervals of 4 days,Sd:aeration at intervals of 6 days.The non-aeration treatment was used as a contrast.The changes of rhizosphere CO2 and O2 concentration,plant growth,leaf photosynthesis,nutrient absorption and utilization of plants and fruit yield and quality under different rhizosphere aeration volume,aeration methods and aeration intervals were studied.Research indicates:1.Aeration treatment can significantly increase the rhizosphere O2 concentration and reduce the rhizosphere CO2 concentration.After 10 days of aeration treatment,the concentration of CO2 in each aeration treatment decreased significantly.As aeration continues,The concentration of CO2 in each treatment matrix gradually decreases.And the magnitude of the decrease was significantly higher than the non-aeration treatment.Among them,the treatment a has the largest reduction in CO2 concentration,which was significantly different from h treatment.Simultaneously,O2 concentration in aeration treatment was significantly higher than contrast.With the growth of the plants,the O2 concentration in the matrix remained basically stable,and the treatments of a,h,s,d,Sd and Fd were basically maintained at 15%,12.5%,14.5%,15%,11% and 12%,while the contrast O2 concentration was 10%.2.The effects of aeration treatment on root length,root volume and root activity of melon showed significant differences.The growth rate of plant height and stem diameter was accelerated,but there was no significant difference in plant height and stem diameter during topping.At the 10 th day of aeration treatment,there was no significant difference in root length and root volume between treatments,but they were significantly higher than the contrast.After the 20 th day of aeration treatment,there were significant differences in root volume between different aeration volume,aeration methods and aeration intervals treatments,among which a,s,d and Fd treatments were better,which were 44%,36%,47%and 24% higher than the contrast,respectively.The effect of aeration treatment on root activity increased first and then stabilized.At 20 th day,root activity peaked,and a,h,s,d,Sd and Fd treatments were 31%,19%,29%,24%,18% and 21% higher than the contrast,respectively.With the growth of the plants,the effects of aeration treatment on root length,root volume,root activity,plant height and stem diameter of oriental melon were gradually reduced.3.During the rhizosphere aeration treatment,the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll(a+b)in the leaves of the plants showed a trend of increasing first and thendecreasing.The chlorophyll content reached the maximum at the 30 th day of aeration,h,a,s and d were 11%,27%,15% and 16% higher than the contrast,respectively.With the reproductive growth of melon plants,the aeration treatment slowed down the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and intercellular CO2 concentration of melon leaves.On the 20 th day of different aeration volume treatment,there was significant difference in photosynthetic parameters among a treatment,h treatment and contrast.With the change of aeration methods,at the 10 th day of aeration treatment,the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of s treatment and d treatment was 37%,47%and 29%,30% higher than the contrast.At the 20 th day of different aeration intervals treatment,The stomatal conductance was significantly different from the contrast.At the 30 th day of aeration,the net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate of Fd treatment were significantly different from the contrast.The stomatal conductance of Fd treatment and Sd treatment was 29% and 13% higher than the contrast,respectively.4.Aeration treatment significantly promoted the absorption and utilization of N,P and K elements in melon roots.At the 10 th day of aeration,s,d,Fd and Sd treatmen N elements in the roots were 12%,13%,12% and 10% higher than the contrast,respectively.The s,d and Fd treatment of P elements and K element were 11%,13%,12% and 32%,39%,13% higher than the contrast,respectively.However,the effects on the contents of N,P and K in stems and leaves produced significant differences after 20 days of aeration treatment.Rhizosphere aeration can significantly increase inorganic phosphorus content,nitrate nitrogen content,total free amino acid content and xylem sap volume in melon xylem sap.Fd treatment had significant effects on melon xylem sap volume,p H value,EC value,inorganic phosphorus content,nitrate nitrogen content and total amount of free amino acids.The Sd treatment only has a significant effect on the inorganic phosphorus content,the nitrate nitrogen content and the total amount of free amino acids.Among them,the most significant effect on the total amount of free amino acids,The Fd and Sd treatments were 75% and 34% higher than the contrast,respectively.Aeration treatment can significantly reduce the contents of available N,P,K,total N,P,K in the matrix.However,there was no significant difference in total N,total P and total K content between treatments.5.Rhizosphere aeration significantly increased the yield per plant,soluble solids,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and vitamin C content of melon,which had the greatest effect on yield per plant and vitamin C content,but had the least effect on soluble solids.The yield per plant of melon on a,h,s,d,Fd and Sd treatment were 53%,22%,29%,33%,25% and 13% higher than the contrast,respectively.The vitamin C content were 70%,34%,28%,41%,29% and 18% higher than the contrast,respectively.Comprehensive comparison of melon production quality a treatment and s treatment performed better. |
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