Analysis Of Crop Population Quality And Yield Benefit Under Strip Intercropping Of Maize And Peanut

Corn and peanut are the first and third major crops in Liaoning Province respectively.In recent years,due to the increasing impact of continuous cropping obstacles and the gradual implementation of full-scale mechanization of production in large plots,the planting area of corn-peanut wide belt intercropping has increased year by year.In order to find out the population quality and yield benefits of crops under maize-peanut belt intercropping,this study adopted a three-year rotation pattern of maize/peanut 16:8 wide belt planting in Liaoning's main maize producing areas.Through the determination and analysis of the growth and development,population structure,photosynthetic capacity,nutrient accumulation and yield benefits of the two crops,the effect of this planting pattern compared with the traditional planting pattern and the feasibility of its application and popularization were studied,providing theoretical basis and technical reference for the local optimization of maize-peanut planting pattern and sustainable agricultural development.The main research results are as follows.The experimental results showed that:1.The maize?peanut 16:8 strip intercropping pattern promoted the growth and development of maize in the maize-peanut interaction area,which was manifested by the increase of root dry weight,root volume,root surface area and total root length,the significant increase of leaf area and stem base circumference,the acceleration of the accumulation rate of dry matter above ground,and the prominent performance in the peak period of maize growth(45-85 days after emergence).However,the growth and development of peanut roots and overground parts in the interaction area are slow,and the accumulation amount and accumulation rate of dry matter are inhibited,showing a certain disadvantage of intercropping and side-walking.2.The maizellpeanut 16:8 belt intercropping pattern established a new intercropping population structure,which affected the canopy light distribution,population spatial structure and photosynthetic capacity of maize/peanut within the population.Compared with the middle row corn,the corn in the interaction area has higher PAR transmittance,and the photo synthetic capacity is enhanced due to the reasonable ventilation and light transmission state.The corn close to the interaction area is more compact in spatial structure,and the dry matter accumulation and leaf area of each layer are also better than that of the middle row corn.Peanut in the interaction area is at a competitive disadvantage,and its photosynthetic capacity decreases due to insufficient light,and its three-dimensional structure is loose,which has adverse effects on growth and development.3.under the 16:8 strip intercropping mode of maize peanut,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in maize organs is shown as side row>middle row,while the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in peanut organs is shown as side row<middle row.From the point of view of crop population,this cropping pattern has increased the nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency of root system,showing better interaction and promotion.4.Corn peanut 16:8 belt intercropping pattern has an impact on the yield and yield components of corn and peanut.The ear kernel weight and 100 kernel weight of side row of corn are significantly better than that of middle row.The number of full fruits per plant and 100 kernel weight of side row of peanut close to corn are lower than that of middle row.Under this cropping pattern,the corn yield in 2017 and 2018 increased by 25%and 19%respectively,while the peanut yield was 23%and 14%respectively lower than that of monoculture.The Land equivalent ratio(LER)of the two years is 1.0892 and 1.0778 respectively,which shows that the cropping pattern here shows intercropping advantages as a whole.The increase of the comprehensive yield of corn and peanut directly affects the economic benefits.The economic benefits of corn and peanut intercropping in 2017 and 2018 are significantly higher than those of corn and peanut monoculture.Intercropping income in 2017 is 2333.85 yuan and 522.15 yuan higher than that of corn monocropping and peanut monocropping respectively.Intercropping income in 2018 is 549.3 yuan and 3742.5 yuan higher than that of corn monocropping and peanut monocropping respectively.This cropping pattern can effectively improve the comprehensive yield and economic benefits of corn and peanut.