Organ And Histopathological Observation And Comparison Of Trachemys Scripta,Mauremys Reevesii And Podocnemis Cayennensis Suffering From "Grey-white Clinical Symptoms Of The Carapace"

The "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease is very common in pet turtles.and it is a disease that is often caused by intensive culture of ornamental turtles and small-scale breeding in families.Water turtles and semi-water turtles are susceptible to disease.The early symptoms of the diseased turtle are sporadic gray-white spotted lesions on the carapace.As the disease progresses,the scattered white spot lesions of the carapace are connected to a large white spot lesion,and the small part or half of the carapace continues to develop grayish white lesions.A or plastron forms an off-white lesion.The disease is easy to recur,and there is no cure at present,which has caused great trouble to the ornamental turtle industry.The more serious the gray-white lesions of the turtle's carapace or plastron have life threats,and the pet turtle's ornamental value is reduced from beginning to end,which brings trouble and dissatisfaction to the owner of the pet turtle,especially some expensive.The variety thus causes serious economic losses.In order to explore the key problems of clinical diagnosis such as diseases and pathological mechanisms,organ pathology and histopathological observations were carried out on pet turtles suffering from "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease.The author selected six cases from three kinds of aquatic pet turtles of different families,respectively two Trachemys scripta turtles,two Mauremys reevesii turtles,and two Podocnemis cayennensis turtles.Through visual observation and Wood Lamp observation in darkroom,the author has confirmed the degree and extent of the "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease.If any gray-white plaque isobserved on the carapace or plastron under dry condition,or the whole tortoise is gray and white with obvious and consistent clinical symptoms,and in either case,it is fluorescent under the Wood lamp,the disease can be preliminarily diagnosed.Trachemys scripta,Mauremys reevesii and Podocnemis cayennensis are common pet turtles in China.Life habits,morphological characteristics,and physiological structures are different.Due to the variety of turtles infected by pet turtles,the six turtles were divided into three groups according to their types and tested and compared.Because the experimental turtle is a pet's particularity,this application of the live turtle tortoise can restore the sampling method for full-thickness carapace tissue sampling,which has certain reference value for future clinical tests and surgery.One of the two turtles in each group was anesthetized and pathologically observed.The main organs were taken to make paraffin sections,and H-E staining was performed to observe the histopathological observation of important organs of "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease.After the other turtle is anesthetized,the live turtle's carapace can be used to resume the sampling method,and the cross-cut paraffin sections of the full-thickness carapace tissue block at the lesion are prepared,and the paraffin sections are cut longitudinally.In the gray-white lesions of the tortoise shells,the surface layer was scraped to prepare water-immersed tablets,medan staining tablets,iodine staining tablets,which were examined by optical microscopy.Cross-cut paraffin sections and longitudinal paraffin sections were observed by HE staining for pathological and pathological changes of the carapace of the turtle.Cross-cut paraffin sections were observed by Masson's trichrome staining to observe the carapace structure of different turtle species.Cross-cut paraffin sections were identified by Perls blue staining.Hemosiderin.The results showed that the carapace and main histopathological features of the pet turtle "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease were necrosis and fragmentation of keratin fibers in the carapaceous lesions,a large amount of eosinophil infiltration in the medullary cavity and spleen,and a large amount of melanin deposition in each tissue.Such as the pathological features of the organization,through these can make an accurate diagnosis of the pet turtle "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease.The clinical symptoms and organ histopathological features of thethree aquatic pet turtles suffering from "grey-white clinical symptoms of the carapace" disease were basically the same.No pathogenic algae,parasites,fungi and other pathogens were found by light microscopy.The full-thickness shell biopsy of dorsal carapace lesion was carried out by a trephine,and the wound after biopsy was sealed by dental resin(methylme thacrylate).This biopsy method allows the turtle to recover,is applicable to related researches and applied in clinical treatment of shell diseases and the relative lesions.