Effect Of Annual Operation Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilizers On Growth,Yield Formation,Benefits Of Rice And Rape

Based on the straw returning direct seed rice rape model,this experiment designed a two-factor randomized block fixed-point positioning test.The factor A is the annual total fertilizer(A1: low-fat,A2: medium-fertilizer,A3: high-fertilizer),and factor B is Ratio of rice to rapeseed fertilizer(B1 represents 1:1 for rice and rape fertilizer,3:2 for B2,and 2:3 for B3).The effects of annual operation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the growth and development,yield formation and annual benefit of rice and rapeseed were studied.The main findings are as follows:1.For rice,high-fertilizer(A3)and medium-fertilizer(A2)can promote their tillering and increase the SPAD value of leaves,which is conducive to dry matter accumulation and transport.Reasonable fertilizer management increases the number of effective panicles in rice,which is the main reason for increasing yield.High-fertilizer mainly increases the 1000-grain weight of rice,and the ratio of high-fertilizer and medium-fertilizer to rice-fertilizer is 2:3(B3)and 1:1(B1).It can increase the seed setting rate and thus increase rice yield and efficiency.2.For rape,high-fertilizer(A3)and medium-fertilizer(A2)combined with rice rape fertilizer are more conducive to rapeseed growth than 2:3(B3)and 1:1(B1).The main effect is to increase the leaf area,to improve the utilization of light energy,and to increase the chlorophyll content,thereby increasing the accumulation and transport of organic matter,and increasing the stem diameter and plant height,so that the rapeseed is strong and the root to shoot ratio is lowered.High-fertilizer and rice-rape fertilizers had the highest 1000-grain weight in rapeseed under 2:3(A3B3)treatment;high-fertilizer was beneficial to stem material output and rapeseed grain formation.The 1000-grain weight of rapeseed increased with the increase of fertilization amount;the ratio of effective pods per plant to rice rape fertilizer ratio 1:1(B1)and rice-rape-fertilizer ratio 2:3(B3)was significantly higher than that of rice rape-fertilizer ratio 3:2(B2)processing.3.For soil,high fertilization(A3)and medium fertilizer(A2)fertilization combined with rice rape fertilizer ratio of 2:3(B3)and 1:1(B1)can reduce the soil bulk density and increase the soil looseness.Effectively improve soil permeability.4.For the annual benefit,low-fertilizer(A1)is beneficial to reduce the input-output ratio,but it is not conducive to the increase of rice and rapeseed.In Meishan in the plain area,the ratio of fertilizer to rice and fertilizer in 2:3(A2B3)and low-fertilizer and rice-rape ratio 1:1(A1B1)can balance low input-output ratio and increase income;in the hilly area,three units,high-yield,rice rape fertilizer ratio 2:3(A3B3),medium fertilizer,rice rape fertilizer ratio 1:1(A2B1)and medium fertilizer,rice rape fertilizer ratio 2:3(A2B3)can take into account low input-output ratio and income.It can be seen that under different soil conditions,the annual fertilization level of the straw returning rice seed rape model increased yield and efficiency,but the ratio of fertilization in rice and rape was the best in 2:3 and 1:1,which is beneficial to rice and The balanced growth of rapeseed and the increase in yield and efficiency.Under the high fertilizer(A3)level,the annual yield increase and synergy effect of rice rape fertilizer ratio 1:1(B1)is the best;at the middle fertilizer level,the ratio of rice rape fertilizer to 2:3(B3)increases the annual increase best.