Study On The Coloring Regularity And Gene Expression Of Anthocyanins In Red Rice

Red rice anthocyanins are a class oftural food colorings that are often use d in diets to improve physical fitness and prevent various diseases.In this stud y,the partial population of F5 and F6 recombinant inbred lines constructed by red rice variety Guihong No.1 × white rice restorer line Shuhui 498 and the female parent and the male parent(white rice control)were used as materi-als.The anthocyanin content of 10 red rice lines and parents from different generations was determined,and the coloring rules of 10 red rice lines of F6 and parents were observed and the anthocyanin content,accumulation amount and chlorophyll content and fifty red rice lines of F6 and parents for anthocyanin content,anthocyanin content and total flavonoid content were tested in Lipi-ng and Wudang.The relative expression levels of anthocyanin synthetic structural genes in stems,leaves and seeds at different stages were detected by usin-g 1 red rice strain,1 white rice strain and parents.In order to provide an eff-ective method for cultivating red rice varieties with high anthocyanin content in the future.The main findings are as follows:1.The dynamic changes of anthocyanin content in different generations and the different environmental factors on the anthocyanin content and the dynam-ic accumulation changes of the red rice lines and parents were shown.The an thocyanin content and accumulation of grain increased gradually in the pericarp and seed coat,and the chlorophyll content gradually disappeared after 7 to 28 days after flowering and 28 to 58 days after flowering in the red rice lines an-d females of Liping and Wudang.The color of the seeds began to appear red from 14 to 21 days after flowering in Liping,and began to appear red from21 to 28 days after flowering.Their anthocyanin content,accumulation and chl-orophyll content were higher than Wudang at 28-58 days after harvest,but higher than Liping at 7-28 days after flowering,and the same in Liping and Wu dang at 7 days after flowering.It indicated that the suitable anthocyanin content,anthocyanin accumulation and chlorophyll content of Wudang with higher al-titude,suitable temperature and higher humidity accumulated in the middle and late stages of development of red rice lines and maternal grains,while Liping with lower altitude and higher accumulated temperature appropriate anthocyani n content and accumulation amount accumulated after grain harvest.Therefore,Liping where has a lower elevation and a higher accumulated temperature,the choice of seed after harvest is very important.2.The effects of environmental factors of the anthocyanin content,total fl-avonoid content and anthocyanin content of red ricelines and parents.The anthocyanin content,anthocyanin content and total flavornoid content of the red ri-ce lines and parents of Liping and Wudang were different.Among them,the anthocyanin content of Liping red rice strain 37 was100.4 of the anthocyanin c-ontent of the male parent(white rice control).The anthocyanin content of Wu-dang red rice line 34 is 67.88 times that of paternal(white rice control)anthocyanin content;both are red rice lines with high anthocyanin content.The average anthocyanin content and total flavonoid content of Liping are 1.05 times and 1.03 times of the anthocyanin content and total flavonoid content of Wud-ang,respectively,indicating that the elevation is lower,the accumulated tempe-rature is higher,the illumination is longer,and the temperature difference between day and night is suitable.The accumulation of anthocyanin content and t-otal flavonoids content;while the average anthocyanincontent of Wudang is1.06 times of the content of anthocyanin in Liping,indicating that the anthocyanin content of Wudang with higher altitude,suitable temperature and higher h-umidity is suitable.3.The expression analysis of the dynamic changes of anthocyanin content in red rice and its synthetic structural genes.Os PAL and Os CHS are expressed in the stems,leaves and seeds of rice,and Os CHI is expressed in the tissues and are constitutive of both white rice restorer line Shuhui 498 and white rice lines that are genes for anthocyanin synthesis;other genes have different expression levels in stems,leaves and seeds of the test materials,and are tissue-specific.The anthocyanin accumulation of red rice variety Guihong 1 and red rice lines increased gradually from 7 to 28 days after flowering,while the anthocyanin accumulation of white rice restorer lines Shuhui 498 and white rice lines gradually decreased;these genes were expressed in the middle and late stages of the rice variety Guihong 1 and red rice and the expression level more higher.The expression of Os CHS in the development of red rice variety Guihong No.1 was gradually increased.The expression of white rice restorer lines Shuhui 498 and white rice lines was lower in the early and middle stages from 7 to 28 days after flowering and decreased sharply in the later stage.These results indicate that the expression levels of these genes are the same as the dynamic changes of anthocyanin content,and have a certain effect on the accumulation of anthocyanins.The expression levels of Os PAL and Os CHS were significantly positively correlated with the anthocyanin content of red rice variety Guihong No.1.The expression of Os F3 H was positively correlated with the anthocyanin content of the white rice line.The expression of Os PAL was positively correlated with the anthocyanin content of the red rice line.The expression of Os CHI,Os F3’5’H and Os UFGT were extremely significant positive correlation with the anthocyanin content of the red rice line.The results indicate that the differential expression of these genes in the middle,middle and last of the stems,leaves and from 7 to 28 days after flowering of the tested materials may be the main reason for their differences in coloration.Os PAL and Os CHS are key genes in the anthocyanin synthesis of red rice variety Guihong No.1.Os F3 H plays an important role in the grain development of white rice lines.Os PAL,Os CHI,Os F3’5’H and Os UFGT play an important role in the anthocyanin accumulation of red rice line.