| In recent years,with the rapid development of social economy,the process of industrialization and urbanization has been continuously promoted.In order to meet the needs of survival and development,human beings have obtained a large amount of resources from the ecosystem,over-consumption of ecosystem services,resulting in the decline of ecosystem services,and ecosystem services.Increased value losses threaten human well-being and sustainable socio-economic development.The loss of ecosystem service value has become an important part of ecosystem service management research.Farmland,as one of the most disturbed ecosystems of humans,is particularly prone to the loss of ecosystem services.In the typical karst landform area of Guizhou Province,Libo County is a provincial key ecological function zone and a pilot county for comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the karst area of the country.It has a significant ecological status,important ecological functions and extremely fragile ecological environment.Moreover,the agricultural development in the region has a long history,and the modern leisure agriculture in the mountain has developed rapidly.In this development process,due to improper application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,greenhouse gas emission causes soil degradation and desertification,farmland quality decline,air pollution and other issues are prominent,resulting in loss of ecosystem service value.Seriously,the relationship between various types of ecosystem services has become more complicated.To promote the harmonious development of nature,society and ecology,it is of great significance to explore the loss of farmland ecosystem services and effectively manage them.Therefore,the research on the farmland ecosystem in Libo County is the research object,and the dynamic evaluation and driving force research on the loss of ecosystem service value can guide people to scientifically and rationally plan to use farmland and reduce farmland ecology under the background of karst rocky desertification.The loss of system service value provides a new idea for the restoration and reconstruction of farmland ecosystems in the karst plateau.Relying on the relevant theories of geography and ecology,based on remote sensing image data,socio-economic statistical data,and field research data,the farmland ecosystems suitable for the karst plateau mountainous areas are constructed based on the principles of science,representativeness and data accessibility.The service value loss indicator body,comprehensively use the mathematical statistics analysis method to establish the farmland ecosystem service value loss assessment model,and calculate the loss value and total value of the farmland ecosystem service value in the study area from 2010 to 2018,using GIS spatial analysis method,ESDA correlation model and RDA ranking analysis method explore the spatio-temporal evolution and spatial agglomeration characteristics of farmland ecosystem service value loss,and further analyze the main driving factors affecting the loss of farmland ecosystem service value in the study area.The conclusions are following:(1)The total value of ecosystem services in the study area from 2010 to 2018was 249051.80*10~4yuan,264819.61*10~4 yuan and 268697.95*10~4 yuan respectively.The ecosystem service value of different land use types is as follows:forest land>grassland>farmland>water body>unused land.From the time series,the value of total ecosystem services in the study area shows an increasing trend.Among them,the value of ecosystem services in forest land and unused land is increasing;the value of farmland services is increasing first and then decreasing;while the value of grassland and water service is decreasing first and then increasing.(2)The total value of farmland ecosystem services value loss in the study area from 2010 to 2018 was 79668.71*10~4 yuan,110993.85*10~4 yuan and105216.95*10~4 yuan respectively.From the perspective of the loss of various ecosystem services,the value of the loss from the largest to the small is the value loss caused by the farmland land for food supply>The value loss caused by different land use types>The value loss caused by chemical fertilizer pollution>Greenhouse gas Loss of value due to emissions>Loss of value caused by pesticide contamination.From the time series,the loss of farmland ecosystem services in the study area showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.From the perspective of the loss of various ecosystem services,the value loss caused by different land use types,the value loss caused by farmland to ensure food supply,and the value loss caused by chemical fertilizer pollution show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and the value caused by pesticide pollution.Losses are decreasing and the value loss caused by greenhouse gas emissions is on the rise.(3)The loss of farmland ecosystem services in the study area shows a pattern of high and low in the north in the spatial distribution.The high value area is mainly distributed in the northwest of Jialiang Town,the middle of Chaoyang Town,the east of Yuping Sub-district Office,the west of Maolan Town and the southern part of Jiarong Town.The highest value is 5.04*10~4 yuan/ha-6.72*10~4 yuan/ha.The low-value areas are mainly distributed in Xiaoqikong Town,Yaoshan Yao Township and Dawning Aquarium Township.The loss value is between 0.00yuan/ha and 1.68*10~4 yuan/ha.Between 2010 and 2018,its value loss showed a trend of increasing high-value areas and decreasing values in low-value areas.The loss of value of farmland ecosystem services has significant spatial agglomeration characteristics,showing obvious spatial autocorrelation.The“high-high”type is the most obvious,and the“high-high”value area is mainly distributed in the north-central area of the study area.(4)Using RDA ranking analysis method to explore the correlation between farmland ecosystem service value loss and driving force factors:between the loss of various ecosystem services,the loss of various ecosystem services and the main driving factors There is a correlation.From the perspective of the loss of various ecosystem services,there is a positive correlation between the value loss caused by the conversion between different land use types and the value loss caused by the farmland to ensure food supply.The value loss caused by chemical fertilizer pollution and pesticide pollution There is a positive correlation between the loss of value and the loss of value caused by greenhouse gas emissions.From the correlation between the loss of various ecosystem services and the main driving factors,there is a positive correlation between the farmland area,the population and the value loss caused by the farmland that guarantees the supply of food;the multiple cropping index and the guarantee of food supply There is a negative correlation between the value loss caused by farmland existence;there is a certain positive correlation between the farmland area and the value loss caused by the conversion between different land use types;the amount of chemical fertilizer applied,the amount of pesticide application,the total power of agricultural machinery and There is a positive correlation between the loss of ecosystem services caused by greenhouse gas emissions from chemical fertilizers and pesticides. |
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