Study On Breeding And Application Of Japonica CMS Lines Chuanhua A With Good Quality And Middle-maturing

In this study,the breeding process,characteristics and combining ability of high quality CMS line Chuanhua A were summarized and analyzed systematically.and Chuanhua A's high-yield seed production technology was summarized,the characteristics and high-yield cultivation techniques of the combination of Chuanhuayou 320 were summarized with area tests data.The main results are as bellows.1.Source and characteristics of Chuanhua A parentsThe parents of Chuanhua A are the fertile plant ZZB-28-1 found in the Zhongzhe A population and the high-quality maintainer intermediate material silk seedlings 2-7,CMS-WA.Studied on main characteristics show that Chuanhua A,which has has strong tillering power,slender grain shape,grain length to width ratio of 3.5,and 1000 grain weight of about 23g,is comparable to the Sichuan 106A in terms of broadcast duration and leaf age.The ChuanhuaA's flowering time is early and concentrated,the stigma exsertion rate is high,the vitality is strong,and the type of pollen abortion is dominated by typical abortion.The quality of ChuanhuaA maintainerline reaches the national standard high quality rice.2.Analysis of ChuanhuaA and other parents's combining ability test,the main results are as follows.a.General combining ability(GCA)variance analysis showed that the differences of 9traits such as yield and main agronomic traits are mainly controlled by genetics.The yield GCA effect value of Chuanhua A is-3.15,and the daily yield GCA is second only to Gang46A,which is more prominent.There are significant differences in GCA effect values of 6traits such as growth period and effective ears of Chuanhua A,which can be combined into different types of Hybrid rice.b.Special combining ability(GCA)indicates that the difference in SCA effect values between different traits of different traits is obvious.The SCA of 6 traits-yield per plant,daily output,growth period,granule density,panicle number and seed setting rate of ChuanhuaA are ranked first.The daily production SCA effect value of Chuanhua A/Shuhui527,Chuanhua A/Chenghui 3203 is the first two of all combinations,indicating that the SCA of most traits of Chuanhua A is more prominent.c.In the variance analysis of F1 genotypes of yield and its main components,the GCA variance accounts for more than 50%,indicating that the parental gene additive effect of these traits plays a leading role in the formation of hybrid traits.The GCA variance of 6traits,such as the maternal growth period,contributed greatly.The GCA variance of 6 traits,such as the maternal growth period,contributed greatly.These traits are mainly additive,but the narrow heritabilities of the three traits of daily yield,yield per plant and effective panicle are less than 50%.The interaction effect between the parents has a stronger non-additive genetic effect on the daily yield,yield per plant and effective panicle of the F1 hybrid generation.3.The correlation between yield and main agronomic traits show a significant positive correlation between yield per plant and daily yield.The yield per plant is positively correlated with effective panicle,grain number and granule density while the daily yield is positively correlated with effective panicle and yield per plant.4.In the seed production technology of HuaA,the flowering period of the male parent should be the same as that of the sterile line or 1-2 days earlier.The dosage of“??O”per hectare is controlled at 180g-225g(about 15%less than conventional);It's important to harvest early in time to avoid high temperature exposure and the average production,which measures in the large-scale seed production test field,is 212kg/667m~2.5.In the regional trial of Sichuan Province,the yield of Chuanhuayou320 is 8.535t/hm2,which is 6.08%higher than that of the control and the average yield in the production experiment is 8.629t/hm2,which is 6.5%higher than the control.Chuanhuayou320,which shows the characteristics of early maturity,high-quality,disease resistance,high yield and stable yield is identified as the national standard secondary quality rice in the district test.Chuanhuayou320 was approved by Sichuan Province in 2018.