Cloning And Functional Analysis Of Plant Height Related Gene TaDwarf11 In Wheat(Triticum Aestivum L.)

China is a big country of wheat production and consumption in the world,and wheat production plays an important role in national food security.In today's environment,improving wheat yield is an important way to ensure food security in China.Plant height is an important factor affecting wheat yield.The discovery and research of plant height-related genes is of great significance to wheat breeding.In this study,TaDwarf11 gene was cloned from wheat using homologous cloning method based on the sequence of rice P450 protein family gene Dwarf11.The following important conclusions were obtained from the studies of temporal and spatial expression,marker development,gene localization and functional analysis of TaDwarf11 gene.1.Sequence design primers were obtained by gene database alignment.The full length of TaDwarf11 was 1428 BP and that of gDNA was 3607 bp.It contained 9 exons of 215 bp,325 bp,154 bp,235 bp,89 bp,75 bp,107 bp,125 BP and 102 bp,and 8 exons,respectively.The introns were 365 bp,241 bp,157 bp,91 bp,281 bp,189 bp,470 BP and 386 bp.The encoded protein contains 475 amino acids and has a P450 domain.2.This gene is expressed in roots,stems,leaves and young spikes of wheat,but its relative expression is highest in young spikes,second in leaves,lower in roots,and lowest in stems.It is speculated that this difference may be the reflection of the functional difference between the expression of this gene and vegetative and reproductive growth stages of plants.3.By sequencing analysis,the difference of T-C base at 138 bp of exon 1 of TaDwarf11 gene was found among different wheat varieties.Based on the molecular markers developed by this SNP,the TaDwarf11-A genotype(T base at 138bp)and TaDwarf11-B genotype(C base at 138bp)were identified in wheat varieties.The gene was located on chromosome 2B of Wheat by using Chinese spring deletion tetrasome.4.By detecting the genotype and plant height phenotypic traits of 268 cultivars,and then making correlation analysis,it was found that the functional markers developed in this study had a very significant correlation with plant height of wheat(P=3.32E-7).5.In this study,268 cultivars and 205 cultivars were tested for genotypes.It was found that the proportion of TaDwarf11-B in wheat cultivars was slightly higher than that in cultivars(66.3%).It was speculated that this phenomenon might be the result of artificial selection in breeding process.6.By detecting 205 genotypes of farm species and their growing areas,this study found that TaDwarf11-A genotype(dwarf pole)accounted for the highest proportion(58.33%)in the northern spring wheat region and TaDwarf11-B genotype(tall pole)accounted for the highest proportion(75%)in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River winter wheat region.Compared with southern China,northern China has arid climate,less precipitation,lower temperature,slower vegetative growth and lower plant height.Therefore,the North-South distribution difference of this genotype may be related to the difference of planting environment between northern and southern wheat regions.In this study,the homologous gene TaDwarf11 of rice Dwarf11 in wheat was discovered.Based on SNP in its first exon,functional markers closely related to plant height of wheat were developed,which proved the correlation between the gene and plant height traits of wheat.The markers developed in the exon region of this gene can accurately distinguish high-stem wheat varieties from Low-stem wheat varieties,assist wheat breeding,and provide an effective selection tool for wheat plant type improvement.