| The whitefly(Bemisia tabaci)is a worldwide pest considered to be a complex of cryptic species,including more than 34 biotypes.The whitefly can spread a variety of plant virus and cause the outbreak of plant virus diseases,which has caused seriously economic losses in agricultural area.Decreasing the population of the vector insects was a significant steps in the Integrated Pest Control(IPM),which is aim to prevent the plant virus eruption.Tomato chlorosis virus(ToCV)had caused destructive loss on tomato industry in China.However,the whitefly plays a decisive role in the occurrence and spread of ToCV diseases.This research compared the difference between the Q(MED)and B(MEAM1)reared in greenhouse with the capability in acquisition,persistent and transmission ToCV by using ToCV cDNA infectious cloning.The preference of viruliferous or health MED and MEAM1 on infected plants vs health plants also was analyzed.The results are as follow:1.The ability of MED to acquisite the ToCV.The result revealed that viral accumulation in whitefly body was increased with the acquisition access period(AAP)from 6 to 48 h,and achieve maximal viral load at 48 h.There is no clearly increase of the viral load in insect body while the handle time extension from 48 h to 96 h.The ability of MED females acquired virus was significantly better than MED males,MEAM 1 females and MEAM1 males.2.The ability of MED to retention ToCV.There is a notable difference between MED and MEAM1 for persistenting ToCV,after the retention time increased from 6 to 96 h,the viral load in the whitefly body have a dominantly decreasing.ToCV was detected more than 96 h in MED females and males,but only was detected at 48 h in MEAM1 females and males.3.The ability of MED to transmit ToCV.The results showed there is different between female and male MEAM1 and MED in 30,40,50 and 60 d after inoculation on plants.At 50 and 60 d,viral titer of plants transmitted by MED females was higher than that of plants transmitted by MED males,MEAM 1 females and males.Transmission of ToCV was highest by 10 MEAM1,intermediate by 5 MEAM1,and lowest by 1 MEAM1.Transmission of ToCV was also highest by 10 MED,intermediate by 5 MED,and lowest by 1 MED.At the same time,MED transmitted a high amount of virus compared with MEAM1.As time went on,virus titer transmitted by 10 MED was much higher than by 10 MEAM1.4.Preference of ToCV-infected and healthy whiteflies feeding on virus-infected and healthy plants.Preference of whiteflies differed between ToCV-infected plants and healthy plants.After acquisition of ToCV for 48 h,viruliferous MED preferred to the healthy plants,while viruliferous MEAM1 showed no preference to ToCV-infected and healthy plants.5.Performance of whiteflies feeding on virus-infected and healthy plants.Whitefly fecundity was significantly affected by virus infection,whitefly biotype,and the interaction between virus infection and whitefly biotype.Fecundity of MED on ToCV-infected plants was much higher than on healthy plants,while fecundity of MEAM1 was similar on ToCV-infected plants compared with on healthy plants.Furthermore,fecundity of MED was much higher than that of MEAM1 on ToCV-infected plants.Longevity of whitefly was neither affected by virus infection,whitefly biotype,nor the interaction between virus infection and whitefly biotype.Longevity of B and MED was not affected on ToCV-infected plants.Development time of B.tabaci from egg to adult was significantly affected by virus infection,whitefly biotype,and the interaction between virus infection and whitefly biotype.Development time of MED on ToCV-infected plants was much lower than that on healthy plants,and development time of MED was lower than that of MEAM1 on ToCV-infected plants.Survival rate of B.tabaci was significantly affected by virus infection,whitefly species,and the interaction between virus infection and whitefly species.Survival rate of MED was not affected by ToCV infection,while survival rate of MEAM1 on ToCV-infected plants was much lower than that on healthy plants. |
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