Design Of Semi-automatic Transplanter For Sugarcane Seedling And Its Key Components

Sugarcane,as the main raw material for sugar production,is an important cash crop.China's sugarcane planting area is second only to Brazil and India,and the sugarcane industry has become an important pillar of economic development.At present,the planting form of sugarcane is sugarcane planting machine.Although the existing sugarcane planting machine can reduce certain labor intensity and improve economic benefits.However,it has high injury rate,more auxiliary labor and high labor intensity,which leads to sugarcane planting mainly relying on artificial planting.Direct-growing sugarcane seedlings are soil bowl seedlings.Compared with sugarcane seeds,they have strong tillering ability,less planting amount and convenient planting,but they lack planting machines and tools for sugarcane seedlings.Transplanter is a kind of machine that uses machinery instead of manual transplanting.It is labor-saving,efficient and costsaving.However,the transplanter developed at home and abroad cannot meet the agronomic requirements of sugarcane seedling planting.On this basis,this paper proposes to develop a semi-automatic sugarcane seedling transplanter suitable for sugarcane seedling planting.The main research content is as follows:(1)The planting agronomy of sugarcane seedlings was investigated on the spot.The height of sugarcane seedlings in the suitable planting period was 120 mm,and the planting height of sugarcane seedlings was 120 mm with the furrow depth greater than 200 mm,the furrow width 50 mm,the row spacing 300 mm,the row spacing 1000 mm and the planting height of sugarcane seedlings 120 mm.Aiming at low seedling injury rate and high verticality,and combining with the appearance characteristics of sugarcane seedlings,the structural characteristics of the existing planter are analyzed.Based on the structure of the existing planter,a new type of tube planter integrating the functions of seedling guiding,seedling blocking and seedling pushing is proposed and designed.According to sugarcane seedling planting agronomy and planter structure,the overall plan of sugarcane seedling semi-automatic transplanter was designed.(2)The overall structure and working principle of the tube planter for guiding seedlings are elaborated in detail.The action sequence of each component in the planter during the transplanting process of sugarcane seedlings is theoretically analyzed,and the functions of the seedling guiding mechanism,the seedling blocking mechanism and the seedling pushing mechanism in the planter are defined.According to the falling process of sugarcane seedlings in the planter,the seedling guiding mechanism,seedling blocking mechanism and seedling pushing mechanism in the planter are designed,and the important parameters of each component in the planter are determined through relevant calculations.(3)The mathematical model of the planter is established and the process of seedling pushing by the seedling pushing mechanism in the planter is analyzed theoretically.Based on ADAMS software technology,under different connecting rod and crank parameters,the kinematics simulation of the planting mechanism is carried out,and the movement rule of the planting mechanism is analyzed.Based on the initial contact point between the seedling pushing and sugarcane seedling bowl,the movement characteristics of the seedling pushing block and the movement characteristics of the seedling blocking mechanism during seedling pushing,the appropriate crank and connecting rod parameters are selected.Using the above simulation results,a threedimensional model of the planter and pot seedlings is built,and the model is imported into ADAMS software to simulate the movement process of pot seedlings in the planter.The displacement,horizontal speed,horizontal acceleration curve of the seedling pushing block and the position of the initial contact point between the seedling pushing block and the pot body obtained by the simulation post-processing are compared with the theoretical analysis results,and the correctness of the theoretical analysis and results of the planter is verified.(4)The prototype was developed.As our school does not have the conditions to cultivate sugarcane seedlings,the pot seedlings used in the experiment were corn seedlings.The field performance test of the prototype was conducted to test the performance of the prototype in actual operation.;The plant spacing,plant erection rate,planting depth and plant spacing variation coefficient were selected as the evaluation indexes to evaluate the planting quality of the prototype.The pot seedlings planted by the above prototype were measured and counted.The actual planting effect met the design requirements of the prototype,indicating the feasibility of the prototype scheme.The comparative experimental study on the planter shows that the performance of the planter designed in this paper is higher than that of the traditional seedling guide tube planter.