| Loquat is a kind of subtropical evergreen tree species and has rich germplasm resources.The loquat is a delicious fresh fruit with sweet,soft and juice.In recent years,with the extensive research of loquat breeding,numerous new varieties of loquat have appeared.The comparison of fruit quality between different varieties and different regions is very important for understanding the adaptability of varieties and breeding excellent varieties.The southern Shan Xi is the northern margin of the natural distribution of loquat.The development of loquat industry is mainly based on introduced varieties.The excellent quality of local loquat is related to typical climate.However,there are still some problems in loquat fruit industry in local area,such as single variety and unreasonable industrial structure.Therefore,it is particularly important to select the dominant varieties suitable for local natural condition and development by evaluating the quality of loquat fruit.In this paper,the sensory quality,nutritional and biochemical quality,processing quality,antioxidant activity,monomer of organic acid and phenolics component of 10 Japanese introduced loquat fruits were determined,and the data were analyzed by mathematical statistics methods related to quality evaluation.The main research results are as following.(1)There were significant differences in sensory quality,nutritional and biochemical quality and processing quality among 10 Japanese introduced loquat fruits.Using statistical methods such as analysis of variance,coefficient of variation,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to simplify the 26 evaluation indicators.Eight core indicators were selected to evaluate loquat fruit quality.They were fruit type index,b value,total soluble solid content,pectin content,titratable acid content,carotenoids content,flavonoids content and browning degree.(2)Through the establishment of the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method,the sensory score and sensory quality,nutritional and biochemical quality and processing quality of fruits were combined.The comprehensive evaluation and ranking of varieties were realized.The ranking results are as follows: 'Changqizaosheng' > 'ADVANCE' > 'Dawuxing' > 'Senben' > 'GOLD NUGGET' > 'Fuyuanzaosheng' > 'Maihouhuang' > 'Ruisui' > 'Baimaomu' > 'Changshengzaosheng' > 'Jinyun' > 'CHAMPAGNE'.The comprehensive quality of the native variety 'Maihouhuang' is the average level among 10 Japanese loquat fruit,but only 'Changqizaosheng' and 'ADVANCE' are superior to 'Dawuxing' in domestic loquat.By Q-type cluster analysis,10 loquat varieties were clustered into 6 categories,which could clearly distinguish feature difference,processing suitability and the degree of affinity among the varieties.The comprehensive quality of loquat was evaluated objectively and systematically by the method of fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation combined with cluster analysis.(3)Eight kinds of organic acids was detected by HPLC method.The results showed that malic acid was the most abundant organic acids of loquat fruit,followed by acetic acid,and the highest content of organic acids in 'GOLD NUGGET'.The phenolic components in loquat fruits were identified as chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid,caffeic acid,ferulic acid,gallic acid and catechin,but only 5 phenolic compounds were quantified.The content of chlorogenic acid was the highest in all fruit,the neochlorogenic acid was only second to chlorogenic acid,and the average content of chlorogenic acid was 3.5 times of neochlorogenic acid.The content of phenolic components detected in 'ADVANCE' fruit was higher than that of other varieties. |
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