Effects Of Dietary Supplement Fumaric Acid And Nicorandil On Fatty Acid Metabolism In Lactating Dairy Goats

Ruminants’milk and dairy products is a nutritional supplement comprehensive and high quality food,it has become a necessity of daily diet.At a time when milk demand is growing,researchers are focusing on how to increase milk production while focusing on improving milk quality.Fatty acid is one of the important nutrient components of milk.Although most of the fatty acids contained in milk are beneficial to human health,but these types of fatty acids is less.Therefore,by changing the composition of milk fatty acids to improve the quality of milk,making ruminant milk and dairy products more in line with consumers’requirements for healthy food has become an urgent problem in the dairy industry in recent years.This experiment was based on the rumen hydrogenation of fatty acids as an entry point,selected fumaric acid(hydrogen receptor)and nicorandil(increased rumen hydrogen concentration)as a means of hydrogenation regulation,Studied the metabolism of dietary fatty acids in the rumen,blood and milk,which provided a theoretical basis for the nutritional intervention to regulate the fatty acid composition and mechanism of ruminants’milk.The 2×2 two-factor design was used in this experiment:24 dairy goats were assigned to the control group,the fumaric acid group(34 g/d),the nicorandil group(0.5 g/d)and fumaric acid(34 g/d)+nicorandil(0.5 g/d)group.Ruminal fluid,blood,and milk samples were collected at weeks 3,6,9,and 12 for the determination of relevant indicators.The results showed:The proportion of C18:0 and saturated fatty acids(SFA)in rumen contents,blood and milk was decreased or had a decreased trend after the addition of fumaric acid in the diet,the proportion of C18:1t11,C18:2n-6,C18:3n-3 and unsaturated fatty acids(UFA)was increased or had a increased trend.In addition,the atherogenic index of the milk was decreased,and the CLAc9t11 proportion and theΔ~9-desaturase index in the milk was increased.Dietary addition of nicorandil reduced blood LDL concentration,but increased total solid and non-fat milk solids production.The proportion of C18:0 in the rumen contents and blood was increased or had a increased trend after the addition of nicorandil to the diet;the proportion of SFA in blood and milk was increased,and the proportion of UFA was decreased.The proportion of C18:1t11 and C18:3n-3 in rumen contents,blood and milk was decreased or had a decreased trend,and the proportion of C18:2n-6 in blood and milk was decreased or had a decreased trend.In addition,the atherogenic index of milk was increased,and the CLAc9t11 proportion and theΔ~9-desaturase index was decreased in milk.There was an interaction between fumaric acid and nicorandil on the ratio of C18:1t11,C18:2n-6,C18:3n-3 andΔ~9-desaturase index in milk,and was the same as the ratio of C18:3n-3 in rumen contents and blood.Regression analysis showed that the rumen contents and blood,blood and milk C18:3n-3 ratio significant linear correlation.In summary,the addition of fumaric acid to the diet increased the proportion of fatty acids in the milk which were beneficial to human health,improved milk quality without reducing production performance.Although the addition of nicorandil to the diet of lactating dairy goats has the advantage of improving the production performance,it made the fatty acid composition of the milk unfavorable to human health and reduced the quality of milk.