Effects Of Herbicides On Weed Control And Growth And Development Of Buckwheat In Buckwheat Field

Buckwheat grain has become the focus of attention because of its high nutritional and medicinal value,and has a broad market prospects.However,the current yield of buckwheat is extremely unstable.An important factor affecting the yield of buckwheat is field weeds,while the degree of mechanization of the production of wheat in the field is low,and the labor efficiency of manual weeding is low.In order to improve this phenomenon,increase the yield of buckwheat and increase the income gain,Based on the investigation of weeds in the buckwheat production area of Yulin City in northern Shaanxi Province in 2018,Seven herbicides were selected before and after seedling to test the safety of different herbicides,the control effect on weeds in the wheat field and the growth and development of buckwheat,and the selection and correct use of herbicides to control the weeds in the wheat field.Provide theoretical basis and feasibility plan.The main findings are as follows:(1)There are 65 main weeds in the main production area of buckwheat in the northern part of Yulin,Shaanxi,belonging to 25 families and 50 genera,among which the most common weed species are Compositae,Leguminosae and Gramineae,with 17 species,8 species and 7 species respectively.They accounted for 26.15%,12.31% and 10.77% of all species,respectively.Weeds such as red grass,Portulaca oleracea L.?Chenopodium album L.and Sonchus oleraceus L.are the key targets for the control of weeds in the wheat field.(2)The following results were obtained by studying the safety of buckwheat,weed control,buckwheat growth,buckwheat agronomic traits and yield and quality of post-emergence soil-sealed herbicides:oxyfluorfen,pendimethalin,fast-receiving on the emergence of buckwheat and seedling growth of fatal phytotoxicity,can not be produced and applied.Jinchaoer had no effect on the germination and emergence of buckwheat,no obvious phytotoxicity,and the best control effect on grass and broadleaf weeds;butachlor affected the germination of buckwheat to some extent,but no obvious phytotoxicity,The control effect on weeds is lower than that of Jinchaoer;Jinduer affects the germination and emergence of buckwheat to a certain extent,and has no obvious phytotoxicity,but it has good control effect on grass weeds,but no control effect on broadleaf weeds.The effects of butachlor and Jinduer on the leaf area of buckwheat were small,so the photosynthetic products were relatively more,and the dry matter accumulation was significantly higher than that of the clear water control.The treatment of Jinchaoer had an effect on the leaf area of buckwheat.Dry matter accumulation is significantly reduced.The three herbicide treatments had no significant effect on the chlorophyll content of buckwheat plants.Under the treatment of 3 herbicides,Jinchaer and Jinduer treatment had no significant effect on agronomic and yield traits such as plant height,main stem number,main stem branch,number of flower clusters per plant,number of seeds per plant,and 1000-grain weight.Therefore,the yield has little effect;the butachlor treatment significantly reduces the yield of buckwheat by significantly reducing the number of flower clusters per plant and the number of grains per plant.Under the treatment of three kinds of herbicides,there was no effect on the protein content and fat content of buckwheat kernels,which mainly affected the flavonoid content of grain.(3)By studying the control effect of post-emergence stem-leaf herbicide on buckwheat weed control,buckwheat growth and development,buckwheat agronomic traits and yield and quality,the following results were obtained:Oxacillin and bensulfuron-methyl have fatal phytotoxicity on the emergence and seedling growth of buckwheat,and oxazolone and atrazine have moderate phytotoxicity to buckwheat seedlings,which cannot be produced and applied;Weimar,Jinghecaoke,xicaotong and high-efficiency flupirtine have no obvious phytotoxicity to buckwheat.Jinghecaoke has higher control effect on all kinds of weeds,followed by Weimar,once again,it is a chlorfenone,and the high-efficiency flupirtine weed control effect is poor.The herbicides of clethone,Weimar and Jinghecaoke had little effect on the chlorophyll content of buckwheat leaves at all stages,so the dry matter of buckwheat was stable and superior to the control at each growth stage,while high-efficiency flupirtine The chlorophyll content of buckwheat was significantly inhibited,and the dry matter accumulation of plants decreased significantly.The treatment of Jinghecaoke had no effect on agronomic traits such as plant height,number of main stems,number of branches,number of flower clusters per plant,yield per plant,1000-grain weight,and quality traits.The number of buckwheat single plants was not affected by other traits;high-efficiency flupirtine and ketene treatment significantly reduced buckwheat yield.In summary,in the range of spray application of this test,comprehensive analysis of 7 kinds of pre-emergence soil-sealed herbicides,Jinchaoer has good control effect on grass,little impact on buckwheat growth and development,agronomic traits and yield quality,is the most ideal buckwheat herbicide;Jinduer has no obvious phytotoxicity,and has no effect on the growth and development of buckwheat,agronomic traits and yield and quality,has good control effect on grass weeds.7 kinds of buckwheat seedlings and stem-leaf herbicides,Jinghecaoke is safe for buckwheat,good for weed control,has no effect on buckwheat growth and development,agronomic traits and yield and quality,is the most ideal buckwheat herbicide;Weimar has little effect on the growth and development of buckwheat,agronomic traits of buckwheat and yield and quality.It should be used.