Study On Green Prevention And Control Technology Of Pests And Diseases Of Schizonepeta Tenuifolia

Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.is an annual herbaceous medicinal plant of the genus Dicotyledon,which can be used as a medicine.During the process of planting S.tenuifolia,it is often endangered by diseases,insects and weeds.The diseases,insects and weeds have serious effects on S.tenuifolia,even can lead to a decline in the yield and quality of S.tenuifolia.The high cost and low efficiency in the prevention and control process are the main reasons that affect the large-scale planting of S.tenuifolia.This paper aims to summarize a set of green prevention and control technologies which are low-cost,high-efficiency,and low-residue for the cultivation of S.tenuifolia sinensis through laboratory tests and field efficacy trials,and provide a scientific basis for the cultivation of S.tenuifolia.The results of this study are as follows:1.Effects of growth environment on the growth and development of S.tenuifoliaBy setting 6 temperature gradients,the optimal germination temperature of the seeds under the conditions of the tray and the culture dish was tested.Under the conditions of plug culture,the germination rate,germination potential and germination index reached the maximum at 30℃.Under the culture condition of culture dish,the germination rate,germination potential and germination index reached the maximum at 20℃.In the determination of soil texture(T),organic matter content(O)and pH(P),the soil was collected by five-point sampling method and taken back for determination.The results showed that both the wheat stubble and the bare land were loam,the pH value was weakly alkaline,and the organic matter content of the wheat stubble was double that of the bare land.It is suitable to plant S.tenuifolia in the wheat stubble field,and it is necessary to add organic fertilizer to improve the soil texture.2.Occurrence and control technology of stem blight of S.tenuifoliaA five-point sampling survey method was used to investigate the stem blight disease of S.tenuifolia in the test ground.The average incidence rate per square meter reached85.08%,and the disease index reached 10.35.In this study,the four pesticides of Nongyijian 50,Kunyijian 50,bacillus subtilis and fludioxonil were used to control the stem mustard disease,the results showed that the treatment effect of Nongyijian 50 was better than others,the yield increased obviously,and it did not affect the volatile oil content of S.tenuifolia.3.Insect pest investigation and control technology of S.tenuifoliaThe insects in the test site were tested by five-point and net-catching methods,mainly9 orders such as Hemiptera and Diptera,and 28 species of 19 families.There are 22 kinds of pests,and there are a large number of Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dür.),Teleogryllus emma and Helicoverpa armigera Hubner.There are 4 kinds of natural enemy insects,and there are many Chrysopa pallens(Rambur).The occurrence types of underground pests are mainly Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky.The use of phoxim based to control the main underground pests and cockroaches,in the investigation of the S.tenuifolia harvest period,found that the control effect was well,there was an increase in production,did not affect content of the volatile oil of S.tenuifolia,and no pesticide residues were detected.4.Investigation and control technology of S.tenuifoliaThe weeds in the S.tenuifolia field were investigated by using a five-point survey.It was found that there were 22 species of common weeds in 15 families.9 kinds of pre-emergence herbicides and 18 kinds of post-emergence herbicides were screened indoors,and the pre-emergence herbicide prometryn was safe to the S.tenuifolia at half dose.In the post-emergence herbicide,quizalofop-P-ethyl is safed by halving and the recommended dose for S.tenuifolia,and clodinafop-propargyl is safe for S.tenuifolia at half dose.The field efficacy test showed that the net dose of prometryn was safe at62.5g/667 m~2,and the weed control effect was better.5.Developed a set of green prevention and control technologies for S.tenuifolia,use wheat bran to sow the S.tenuifolia in summer.After ditching,the application of Nongyijian 50will be carried out with the seeding,and the phoxim based microcapsule suspension agent will be sprayed before planting for irrigation.After two days of irrigation,spraying pre-emergence soil herbicideo of prometryn.It can effectively control the main pests and diseases of the S.tenuifolia,does not affect the production of S.tenuifolia and volatile oil,no residue in the harvest period,reducing the amount of chemical pesticides used in current production.